Neb may refer to:

• Neb, transcription of an ancient Egyptian hieroglyph of a basket, Gardiner sign V30
• Neb, the pen name of British political cartoonist Ronald Niebour (1903–1972)

NEB may refer to:

• Nose in Everyone's Business, a busybody or gossip
• National Enterprise Board, a UK government body from 1975 to 1981
• National Energy Board, a Canadian independent federal agency from 1959 to 2018
• National Examination Board (Nepal), organizes the Higher Secondary examination in Nepal
• Nebulin, a large protein found in muscles
• New England Biolabs, U.S. corporation, produces and supplies reagents for the life science industry
• New English Bible, a translation of the Bible, first published as a complete edition in 1970
• Niederbarnimer Eisenbahn, a train company in Germany
• North Equatorial belt, a Cloud pattern on Jupiter
• Nuclear Energy Board, an Irish government agency from 1973 to 1992
• Noise Equivalent Bandwidth, a measure of the bandwidth of an electrical filter
• Nudged Elastic Band, a way of exploring reaction paths in computational chemistry.
• N-Ethylbuphedrone, a stimulant