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geological$31375$ - ترجمة إلى اليونانية

SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATION OF THE GEOLOGY IN A REGION FOR THE PURPOSE OF CREATING A GEOLOGICAL MAP OR MODEL
Geological Survey; National Geological Survey; Geological surveys

geological      
adj. γεωλογικός
dormant volcano         
  • The [[Stromboli]] stratovolcano off the coast of [[Sicily]] has erupted continuously for thousands of years, giving rise to its nickname "Lighthouse of the Mediterranean".
  • [[Capulin Volcano National Monument]] in New Mexico, US
  • Izalco volcano]], the youngest volcano in El Salvador. Izalco erupted almost continuously from 1770 (when it formed) to 1958, earning it the nickname of "Lighthouse of the Pacific".
  • [[Koryaksky]] volcano towering over [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky]] on [[Kamchatka Peninsula]], Far Eastern [[Russia]]
  • major world climate alteration of 1783–84]], has a chain of volcanic cones along its length.
  • VEI 7 and 8]]) with major historical volcanic eruptions in the 19th and 20th century. From left to right: Yellowstone 2.1 Ma, Yellowstone 1.3 Ma, Long Valley 6.26 Ma, Yellowstone 0.64 Ma . 19th century eruptions: Tambora 1815, [[Krakatoa]] 1883. 20th century eruptions: Novarupta 1912, St. Helens 1980, Pinatubo 1991.
  • Hawaii]]. The picture shows overflows of a main [[lava channel]].
  • Solar radiation graph 1958–2008, showing how the radiation is reduced after major volcanic eruptions
  • [[Narcondam Island]], India, is classified as a dormant volcano by the [[Geological Survey of India]].
  • [[Olympus Mons]] ([[Latin]], "Mount Olympus"), located on the [[planet]] [[Mars]], is the tallest known mountain in the [[Solar System]].
  • [[Fresco]] with [[Mount Vesuvius]] behind [[Bacchus]] and [[Agathodaemon]], as seen in [[Pompeii]]'s [[House of the Centenary]]
  • [[Mount Rinjani]] eruption in 1994, in [[Lombok]], [[Indonesia]]
  • Sierra Negra Volcano]], [[Galapagos Islands]], during an eruption in October 2005
  • [[Skjaldbreiður]], a shield volcano whose name means "broad shield"
  • Map showing the divergent plate boundaries (oceanic spreading ridges) and recent sub-aerial volcanoes (mostly at convergent boundaries)
  • Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai
  • Light-microscope image of tuff as seen in [[thin section]] (long dimension is several mm): the curved shapes of altered glass shards (ash fragments) are well preserved, although the glass is partly altered. The shapes were formed around bubbles of expanding, water-rich gas.
  • Io]].
  • Schematic of volcano injection of aerosols and gases
  • 15=Ash cloud
}}{{div col end}}
NATURAL, SURFACE VENT OR FISSURE USUALLY IN A MOUNTAINOUS FORM
Volcanoe; Volcanic; Volcanoes; Volcanos; Volcanic vent; Dormant volcano; Dormant volcanoes; Extinct volcano; Volcano (geological landform); Active Volcano; Vocanic vent; Crater Row; Valcanos; Volcanic mountain; Volcanic mountains; Extinct volcanoes; Volcanoe facts; Valcano; Extinct Volcano; Active worlds in the Solar System; Volcanic vents; Rift volcano; Inactive volcano; Potentially active volcano; Erupting volcano; 🌋; Volcanic aerosols; Most-active volcano; Most active volcano; Most-active volcanoes
σβησμένο ηφαίστειο
active volcano         
  • The [[Stromboli]] stratovolcano off the coast of [[Sicily]] has erupted continuously for thousands of years, giving rise to its nickname "Lighthouse of the Mediterranean".
  • [[Capulin Volcano National Monument]] in New Mexico, US
  • Izalco volcano]], the youngest volcano in El Salvador. Izalco erupted almost continuously from 1770 (when it formed) to 1958, earning it the nickname of "Lighthouse of the Pacific".
  • [[Koryaksky]] volcano towering over [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky]] on [[Kamchatka Peninsula]], Far Eastern [[Russia]]
  • major world climate alteration of 1783–84]], has a chain of volcanic cones along its length.
  • VEI 7 and 8]]) with major historical volcanic eruptions in the 19th and 20th century. From left to right: Yellowstone 2.1 Ma, Yellowstone 1.3 Ma, Long Valley 6.26 Ma, Yellowstone 0.64 Ma . 19th century eruptions: Tambora 1815, [[Krakatoa]] 1883. 20th century eruptions: Novarupta 1912, St. Helens 1980, Pinatubo 1991.
  • Hawaii]]. The picture shows overflows of a main [[lava channel]].
  • Solar radiation graph 1958–2008, showing how the radiation is reduced after major volcanic eruptions
  • [[Narcondam Island]], India, is classified as a dormant volcano by the [[Geological Survey of India]].
  • [[Olympus Mons]] ([[Latin]], "Mount Olympus"), located on the [[planet]] [[Mars]], is the tallest known mountain in the [[Solar System]].
  • [[Fresco]] with [[Mount Vesuvius]] behind [[Bacchus]] and [[Agathodaemon]], as seen in [[Pompeii]]'s [[House of the Centenary]]
  • [[Mount Rinjani]] eruption in 1994, in [[Lombok]], [[Indonesia]]
  • Sierra Negra Volcano]], [[Galapagos Islands]], during an eruption in October 2005
  • [[Skjaldbreiður]], a shield volcano whose name means "broad shield"
  • Map showing the divergent plate boundaries (oceanic spreading ridges) and recent sub-aerial volcanoes (mostly at convergent boundaries)
  • Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai
  • Light-microscope image of tuff as seen in [[thin section]] (long dimension is several mm): the curved shapes of altered glass shards (ash fragments) are well preserved, although the glass is partly altered. The shapes were formed around bubbles of expanding, water-rich gas.
  • Io]].
  • Schematic of volcano injection of aerosols and gases
  • 15=Ash cloud
}}{{div col end}}
NATURAL, SURFACE VENT OR FISSURE USUALLY IN A MOUNTAINOUS FORM
Volcanoe; Volcanic; Volcanoes; Volcanos; Volcanic vent; Dormant volcano; Dormant volcanoes; Extinct volcano; Volcano (geological landform); Active Volcano; Vocanic vent; Crater Row; Valcanos; Volcanic mountain; Volcanic mountains; Extinct volcanoes; Volcanoe facts; Valcano; Extinct Volcano; Active worlds in the Solar System; Volcanic vents; Rift volcano; Inactive volcano; Potentially active volcano; Erupting volcano; 🌋; Volcanic aerosols; Most-active volcano; Most active volcano; Most-active volcanoes
ενεργό ηφαίστιο, ηφαίστιο εν ενέργεια

تعريف

Geologically

ويكيبيديا

Geological survey

A geological survey is the systematic investigation of the geology beneath a given piece of ground for the purpose of creating a geological map or model. Geological surveying employs techniques from the traditional walk-over survey, studying outcrops and landforms, to intrusive methods, such as hand augering and machine-driven boreholes, to the use of geophysical techniques and remote sensing methods, such as aerial photography and satellite imagery. Such surveys may be undertaken by state, province, or national geological survey organizations to maintain the geological inventory and advance the knowledge of geosciences for the benefit of the nation. A geological survey map typically superimposes the surveyed extent and boundaries of geological units on a topographic map, together with information at points (such as measurements of orientation of bedding planes) and lines (such as the intersection of faults with the land surface). The maps and reports created by geological survey organisations generally aim for geographic continuity and completeness in establishing the spatial patterns of near-surface rock units. The map may include cross sections to illustrate the three-dimensional interpretation. Subsurface geological and geophysical maps, providing limited coverage of deeper geology (known, for example, from drilling for oil or gas), are maintained internally by major oil companies and regulators. Some geological survey organisations have collaborated with them to include subsurface geology in their systematic surveys, for example, the Geological Atlas of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Subsurface maps typically depict the three-dimensional form of geological surfaces by means of contours and cross sections. Computer-based models are increasingly used to provide more comprehensive information storage and greater flexibility of presentation. In the United States, the 50 state surveys are coordinated by the Association of American State Geologists.

Some examples of national geological surveys are:

  • British Geological Survey (BGS)
  • Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)
  • Central Geological Survey (Taiwan)
  • China Geological Survey
  • Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR, Germany)
  • Geological and Mining Institute of Spain
  • Geological Survey of Austria
  • Geological Survey of Canada
  • Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland
  • Geological Survey of Finland
  • Geological Survey of India
  • Geological Survey of Ireland
  • Geological Survey of Norway
  • Geological Survey of Pakistan
  • Geological Survey of Slovenia
  • Geological Survey of Sweden
  • Geoscience Australia
  • Saudi Geological Survey
  • Swisstopo (Switzerland)
  • United States Geological Survey (USGS)

Individual states or provinces may also have a geological survey. Examples include:

  • Alberta Geological Survey (Canada)
  • California Geological Survey (USA)
  • Delaware Geological Survey (USA)
  • Geological Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada)
  • Geological Survey of Queensland (Australia)
  • Pennsylvania Geological Survey (USA)
  • Utah Geological Survey (USA)