System 360 - definition. What is System 360
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%ما هو (من)٪ 1 - تعريف

IBM MAINFRAME COMPUTER FAMILY (1964–1978)
360 series; System 360; S/360; IBM 360; IBM/360; IBM S/360; IBM System 360; System/360; IBM 2060; IBM 2064; IBM 2070; IBM System/360-20; System/360-20
  • console]] at NASA, sometime in the late 1960s.
  • IBM System/360 Model 50 CPU, computer operator's console, and peripherals at Volkswagen
  • IBM 2314 disk drives and IBM 2540 card reader/punch at the University of Michigan
  • Cable used as Bus or Tag cable for IBM System/360
  • SLT card]]. Each square metal can contains a [[hybrid circuit]] with several transistors.
  • Six-transistor solid logic hybrid circuit with cap off
  • IBM System/360 Model 30 CPU (red, middle of picture), tape drives to its left, and disk drives to its right, at the [[Computer History Museum]]
  • IBM 2401 tape drives
  • Magnetic-core memory, probably from a 360
  • Many SLT cards plugged into an SLT backplane

System/360         
<computer> The generic name for the CPUs and architecture released by IBM on 1964-04-07. The 360 was marketed as a general purpose computer with 'all round' functionality - hence 360 (degrees). Models ranged from the 360/20 to the 360/65 and later the 360/95, with typical memory configurations from 16K to 1024K. Elements of the architecture, such as the basic {instruction set} are still in use on IBM mainframes today. Operating System/360 (OS/360) was developed for System/360. Other associated operating systems included DOS, OS/MFT and OS/MVT. The 360 architecture was based on an 8-bit byte, 16 general purpose registers, 24-bit addressing, and a PSW (Program Status Word) including a location counter. Gene Amdahl, then an IBM employee, is generally acknowledged as the 360's chief architect. He later went on to found Amdahl Corporaton, a manufacture of PCM mainframe equipment. The 360's predecessors were the smaller IBM 1401 and the large IBM 7090 series. If was followed by the IBM 370. See also ABEND, ALC, BAL, Big Red Switch, HCF, {mode bit}, PL360, PL/S. (2004-06-06)
IBM 360         
IBM System/360 Model 91         
MODEL OF COMPUTER
User:MBlairMartin/IBM System/360 Model 91; Draft:IBM System 360 Model 91; IBM System 360 Model 91; IBM 2091; IBM 2095; IBM 2195
The IBM System/360 Model 91 was announced in 1964 as a competitor to the CDC 6600. Functionally, the Model 91 ran like any other large-scale System/360, but the internal organization was the most advanced of the System/360 line, and it was the first IBM computer to support out-of-order instruction execution.

ويكيبيديا

IBM System/360

The IBM System/360 (S/360) is a family of mainframe computer systems that was announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978. It was the first family of computers designed to cover both commercial and scientific applications and to cover a complete range of applications from small to large. The design distinguished between architecture and implementation, allowing IBM to release a suite of compatible designs at different prices. All but the only partially compatible Model 44 and the most expensive systems use microcode to implement the instruction set, which features 8-bit byte addressing and binary, decimal, and hexadecimal floating-point calculations.

The System/360 family introduced IBM's Solid Logic Technology (SLT), which packed more transistors onto a circuit card, allowing more powerful but smaller computers to be built.

The slowest System/360 model announced in 1964, the Model 30, could perform up to 34,500 instructions per second, with memory from 8 to 64 KB. High-performance models came later. The 1967 IBM System/360 Model 91 could execute up to 16.6 million instructions per second. The larger 360 models could have up to 8 MB of main memory, though that much main memory was unusual—a large installation might have as little as 256 KB of main storage, but 512 KB, 768 KB or 1024 KB was more common. Up to 8 megabytes of slower (8 microsecond) Large Capacity Storage (LCS) was also available for some models.

The IBM 360 was extremely successful in the market, allowing customers to purchase a smaller system with the knowledge they would be able to move to larger ones if their needs grew, without reprogramming application software or replacing peripheral devices. Its design influenced computer design for years to come; many consider it one of the most successful computers in history.

The chief architect of System/360 was Gene Amdahl, and the project was managed by Fred Brooks, responsible to Chairman Thomas J. Watson Jr. The commercial release was piloted by another of Watson's lieutenants, John R. Opel, who managed the launch of IBM’s System 360 mainframe family in 1964.

Application-level compatibility (with some restrictions) for System/360 software is maintained to the present day with the System z mainframe servers.