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%ما هو (من)٪ 1 - تعريف
CRANKSHAFT DESIGN FOR PISTON ENGINES WITH A 90° ANGLE
Bundle of Snakes; V8 Burble; Flat-plane
![flatplane's]] up-down-down-up](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cad crank.jpg?width=200 "flatplane's]] up-down-down-up")
Crossplane
The crossplane or cross-plane is a crankshaft design for piston engines with a 90° angle (phase in crank rotation) between the crank throws.See Crankshaft for "crank throw".
Flat-four engine
![Honda GL1000]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Glengine.jpg?width=200 "Honda GL1000]]")
![Subaru FA]] water-cooled engine](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Subaru BRZ engine (20413082204).jpg?width=200 "Subaru FA]] water-cooled engine")
![1904 [[Wilson-Pilcher]] water-cooled engine](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilson-Pilcher flat-4 engine.jpg?width=200 "1904 [[Wilson-Pilcher]] water-cooled engine")
HORIZONTALLY OPPOSED FOUR-CYLINDER PISTON ENGINE
Flat-four; Flat four; Flat-4; Flat four engine; Boxer four engine; Flat-four burble
A flat-four engine, also known as a horizontally opposed-four engine, is a four-cylinder piston engine with two banks of cylinders lying on opposite sides of a common crankshaft. The most common type of flat-four engine is the boxer-four engine, each pair of opposed pistons moves inwards and outwards at the same time.
flat-four
HORIZONTALLY OPPOSED FOUR-CYLINDER PISTON ENGINE
Flat-four; Flat four; Flat-4; Flat four engine; Boxer four engine; Flat-four burble
¦ adjective (of an engine) having four horizontal cylinders, two on each side of the crankshaft.
¦ noun a flat-four engine.
ويكيبيديا
Crossplane
The crossplane or cross-plane is a crankshaft design for piston engines with a 90° angle (phase in crank rotation) between the crank throws. The crossplane crankshaft is the most popular configuration used in V8 road cars.
Aside from the V8 already mentioned, other examples of configurations using such 90° piston phases include straight-2, straight-4, V2, and V4 engines.
Crossplane crankshafts could feasibly be used with a great many other cylinder configurations, but the advantages and disadvantages described below may not apply to any or all of them and must be considered on a case-by-case basis.
