Chap may refer to:

• Chap (instrument), a Southeast Asian percussion instrument
• Chap Petersen (born 1968), American politician and Virginia state senator
• Chap, Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community
• The Chap, a British magazine
• The Chap (band), an experimental pop band from North London
• Chap, a caste in the Bhakkar district of the Punjab, Pakistan

CHAP may stand for:

• Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol, a computer networking authentication system
• Combined Heat And Power, cogeneration, the use of a heat engine or a power station to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat
• Comprehensive Health Assessment Program, a tool used for keeping medical histories of people with intellectual disabilities
• Community Health Accreditation Program, an independent, US not-for-profit accrediting body for health care organizations
• CHAP-FM, a rebroadcaster of CHYC-FM in Chapleau, Ontario, Canada
• CHAP (AM), a 1970s radio station in Longlac, Ontario, Canada