Extended Memory Specification - Definition. Was ist Extended Memory Specification
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Was (wer) ist Extended Memory Specification - definition

Extended Memory Specification; Extended Memory; EXtended Memory Specification; Extended memory specification; Extended memory manager; Extended Memory Manager; XMS memory; Super extended memory; SXMS; XMSXXXX0; XMS (memory management); Extended Memory Specification 2.0; Extended Memory Specification 3.0; XMS 2.0; XMS 3.0; Extended-memory; Extended Memory Specification Version 3.0; XMS specification; Extended Memory Specification Version 2.0; Extended memory space
  • Extended memory is located above 1 MB.

Extended Memory Specification         
<storage> (XMS) The specification describing the use of {IBM PC} extended memory in real mode for storing data (but not executable code). Memory is made available by {extended memory manager} (XMM) software. The XMM functions are accessible through interrupt 2FH. (1996-01-10)
extended memory         
<storage> Memory above the first megabyte of address space in an IBM PC with an 80286 or later processor. Extended memory is not directly available in real mode, only through EMS, UMB, XMS, or HMA; only applications executing in protected mode can use extended memory directly. In this case, the extended memory is provided by a supervising protected-mode operating system such as Microsoft Windows. The processor makes this memory available through a system of global descriptor tables and local descriptor tables. The memory is "protected" in the sense that memory assigned a local descriptor cannot be accessed by another program without causing a hardware trap. This prevents programs running in protected mode from interfering with each other's memory. A protected-mode operating system such as Windows can also run real-mode programs and provide expanded memory to them. DOS Protected Mode Interface is Microsoft's prescribed method for an MS-DOS program to access extended memory under a multitasking environment. Having extended memory does not necessarily mean that you have more than one megabyte of memory since the reserved memory area may be partially empty. In fact, if your 386 or higher uses extended memory as expanded memory then that part is not in excess of 1Mb. See also conventional memory. (1996-01-10)
extended memory manager         
<software, storage> (XMM) The memory manager software implementing Extended Memory Specification, such as HIMEM or QEMM386. XMM's can usually also act as A20 handlers. (1996-01-10)

Wikipedia

Extended memory

In DOS memory management, extended memory refers to memory above the first megabyte (220 bytes) of address space in an IBM PC or compatible with an 80286 or later processor. The term is mainly used under the DOS and Windows operating systems. DOS programs, running in real mode or virtual x86 mode, cannot directly access this memory, but are able to do so through an application programming interface called the Extended Memory Specification (XMS). This API is implemented by a driver (such as HIMEM.SYS) or the operating system, which takes care of memory management and copying memory between conventional and extended memory, by temporarily switching the processor into protected mode. In this context, the term "extended memory" may refer to either the whole of the extended memory or only the portion available through this API.

Extended memory can also be accessed directly by DOS programs running in protected mode using VCPI or DPMI, two (different and incompatible) methods of using protected mode under DOS.

Extended memory should not be confused with expanded memory (EMS), an earlier method for expanding the IBM PC's memory capacity beyond 640 kB (655,360 bytes) using an expansion card with bank switched memory modules. Because of the available support for expanded memory in popular applications, device drivers were developed that emulated expanded memory using extended memory. Later two additional methods were developed allowing direct access to a small portion of extended memory from real mode. These memory areas are referred to as the high memory area (HMA) and the upper memory area (UMA; also referred to as upper memory blocks or UMBs).