grammar - Definition. Was ist grammar
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Was (wer) ist grammar - definition

SET OF STRUCTURAL RULES THAT GOVERNS THE COMPOSITION OF CLAUSES, PHRASES, AND WORDS IN ANY GIVEN NATURAL LANGUAGE
History of grammar; Grammatically; Grammar framework; Gramatical; Rules of language; Grammaticalness; Language structure; Grammatical structure; Grammatical rule; Grammars; Semantic rule; Semantical rule; Methods Used in teaching Grammar; Grammar frameworks; Reference grammar

grammar         
(grammars)
1.
Grammar is the ways that words can be put together in order to make sentences.
He doesn't have mastery of the basic rules of grammar.
...the difference between Sanskrit and Tibetan grammar.
N-UNCOUNT
2.
Someone's grammar is the way in which they obey or do not obey the rules of grammar when they write or speak.
His vocabulary was sound and his grammar excellent.
...a deterioration in spelling and grammar among teenagers.
N-UNCOUNT: oft supp N
3.
A grammar is a book that describes the rules of a language.
...an advanced English grammar.
N-COUNT
4.
A particular grammar is a particular theory that is intended to explain the rules of a language.
Transformational grammars are more restrictive.
N-VAR: with supp
grammar         
A formal definition of the syntactic structure of a language (see syntax), normally given in terms of production rules which specify the order of constituents and their sub-constituents in a sentence (a well-formed string in the language). Each rule has a left-hand side symbol naming a syntactic category (e.g. "noun-phrase" for a {natural language} grammar) and a right-hand side which is a sequence of zero or more symbols. Each symbol may be either a terminal symbol or a non-terminal symbol. A terminal symbol corresponds to one "lexeme" - a part of the sentence with no internal syntactic structure (e.g. an identifier or an operator in a computer language). A non-terminal symbol is the left-hand side of some rule. One rule is normally designated as the top-level rule which gives the structure for a whole sentence. A grammar can be used either to parse a sentence (see parser) or to generate one. Parsing assigns a terminal syntactic category to each input token and a non-terminal category to each appropriate group of tokens, up to the level of the whole sentence. Parsing is usually preceded by lexical analysis. Generation starts from the top-level rule and chooses one alternative production wherever there is a choice. See also BNF, yacc, attribute grammar, {grammar analysis}.
grammar         
n.
1.
Accidence, laws or rules of a language, forms of a language, correct mode of writing and speaking a language.
2.
Propriety of speech, right use of language, art of speaking or writing correctly.
3.
Treatise on grammar, manual or handbook of grammar, grammatical text-book.

Wikipedia

Grammar

In linguistics, the grammar of a natural language is its set of structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words. The term can also refer to the study of such constraints, a field that includes domains such as phonology, morphology, and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, semantics, and pragmatics. There are currently two different approaches to the study of grammar: traditional grammar and theoretical grammar.

Fluent speakers of a language variety or lect have effectively internalized these constraints, the vast majority of which – at least in the case of one's native language(s) – are acquired not by conscious study or instruction but by hearing other speakers. Much of this internalization occurs during early childhood; learning a language later in life usually involves more explicit instruction. In this view, grammar is understood as the cognitive information underlying a specific instance of language production.

The term "grammar" can also describe the linguistic behavior of groups of speakers and writers rather than individuals. Differences in scales are important to this sense of the word: for example, the term "English grammar" could refer to the whole of English grammar (that is, to the grammar of all the speakers of the language), in which case the term encompasses a great deal of variation. At a smaller scale, it may refer only to what is shared among the grammars of all or most English speakers (such as subject–verb–object word order in simple declarative sentences). At the smallest scale, this sense of "grammar" can describe the conventions of just one relatively well-defined form of English (such as standard English for a region).

A description, study, or analysis of such rules may also be referred to as grammar. A reference book describing the grammar of a language is called a "reference grammar" or simply "a grammar" (see History of English grammars). A fully explicit grammar, which exhaustively describes the grammatical constructions of a particular speech variety, is called descriptive grammar. This kind of linguistic description contrasts with linguistic prescription, an attempt to actively discourage or suppress some grammatical constructions while codifying and promoting others, either in an absolute sense or about a standard variety. For example, some prescriptivists maintain that sentences in English should not end with prepositions, a prohibition that has been traced to John Dryden (13 April 1668 – January 1688) whose unexplained objection to the practice perhaps led other English speakers to avoid the construction and discourage its use. Yet preposition stranding has a long history in Germanic languages like English, where it is so widespread as to be a standard usage.

Outside linguistics, the term grammar is often used in a rather different sense. It may be used more broadly to include conventions of spelling and punctuation, which linguists would not typically consider as part of grammar but rather as part of orthography, the conventions used for writing a language. It may also be used more narrowly to refer to a set of prescriptive norms only, excluding those aspects of a language's grammar which are not subject to variation or debate on their normative acceptability. Jeremy Butterfield claimed that, for non-linguists, "Grammar is often a generic way of referring to any aspect of English that people object to."

Beispiele aus Textkorpus für grammar
1. George Clifton Baldwin was born in 1'21 and educated at Sleaford Grammar School, Lincolnshire, and Hitchin Grammar School, Hertfordshire.
2. Michael Rayner Thwaites was born in Brisbane in 1'15 and educated at Ivanhoe Grammar School, Melbourne, and Geelong Grammar school.
3. David Cameron: Grammar schools arguments undermined A senior Tory is facing the sack after publicly defending grammar schools.
4. Bournemouth and Poole still have grammar schools.
5. David Cameron said that those who supported grammar schools were ‘delusional‘ David Cameron‘s decision to drop traditional Tory support for grammar schools provoked further anger from party members.