rayograph$506735$ - Definition. Was ist rayograph$506735$
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Was (wer) ist rayograph$506735$ - definition

PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGE MADE WITHOUT A CAMERA BY PLACING OBJECTS DIRECTLY ONTO THE SURFACE OF A LIGHT-SENSITIVE MATERIAL
Rayographs; Rayograph; Schadographs; Schadograph; Photogramme; Cameraless photography; Camera-less photography
  • One of [[Anna Atkins]]'s [[cyanotype]] photograms of Festuca grasses
  • A photogram of a number of photography-related objects
  • Photogram with soil and plants.
  • Man Ray, 1922, Untitled Rayograph, gelatin silver photogram, 23.5 x 17.8 cm
  • Generation of a photogram: A broad-source light (1) illuminates objects (2 and 3) that are placed directly in front of a sheet of photosensitive paper. Depending on the object's distance to the paper and properties of light emitted by the light source, the object's shadows look harder (7) or softer (5). Areas of the paper that are in total shadow (6) stay white; they become grey (8) if the objects are transparent or translucent (9); areas that are fully exposed to the light (4) are blackened. Point source light (e.g. enlarger lens at a small f-stop) will cast hard shadows.

photogram         
¦ noun a picture produced with photographic materials but without a camera.
?archaic a photograph.
Photogram         
·noun A Photograph.
Photogram         
A photogram is a photographic image made without a camera by placing objects directly onto the surface of a light-sensitive material such as photographic paper and then exposing it to light.

Wikipedia

Photogram

A photogram is a photographic image made without a camera by placing objects directly onto the surface of a light-sensitive material such as photographic paper and then exposing it to light.

The usual result is a negative shadow image that shows variations in tone that depends upon the transparency of the objects used. Areas of the paper that have received no light appear white; those exposed for a shorter time or through transparent or semi-transparent objects appear grey, while fully-exposed areas are black in the final print.

The technique is sometimes called cameraless photography. It was used by Man Ray in his rayographs. Other artists who have experimented with the technique include László Moholy-Nagy, Christian Schad (who called them "Schadographs"), Imogen Cunningham and Pablo Picasso.

Variations of the technique have also been used for scientific purposes, in shadowgraph studies of flow in transparent media and in high-speed Schlieren photography, and in the medical X-ray.

The term photogram comes from the combining form phōtō- (φωτω-) of Ancient Greek phôs (φῶς, "light"), and Ancient Greek suffix -gramma (-γραμμα), from grámma (γράμμα, "written character, letter, that which is drawn"), from gráphō (γράφω, "to scratch, to scrape, to graze").