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Kingman Reef - Übersetzung nach Englisch
REEF AND UNINCORPORATED U.S. TERRITORY IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN
History of Kingman Reef; Kingman Reef National Wildlife Refuge; Caldew reef; Caldew Reef; Danger Reef; UM-89; Danger Rock; Flag of Kingman Reef; Kingman Reef Naval Defensive Sea Area
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![[[NASA]] [[Landsat 8]] true-color photo of Kingman Reef](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kingman Reef - 2014-02-18 - Landsat 8 - 15m.png?width=200 "[[NASA]] [[Landsat 8]] true-color photo of Kingman Reef")
![[[NOAA]] nautical chart of Kingman Reef](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kingman Reef NOAA chart.jpg?width=200 "[[NOAA]] nautical chart of Kingman Reef")
![palm]] seedling; October 2003](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kingman Reef Oct 2003.jpg?width=200 "palm]] seedling; October 2003")
Kingman Reef
n. scogliera di Kingman, nell"Oceano Pacifico settentrionale (a metà strada fra le isole Hawaii e le isole Samoa) e facente parte delle Minor Outlying Islands statunitensi
coral fish
![A [[Caribbean reef shark]] cruises a coral reef in the Bahamas.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carcharhinus perezi bahamas.jpg?width=200 "A [[Caribbean reef shark]] cruises a coral reef in the Bahamas.")
![[[Monogenea]]n parasites of the genus ''[[Pseudorhabdosynochus]]'' (arrows) on the gill filament of a [[grouper]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cruz-Lacierda et al Pseudorhabdosynochus AACLBioflux 2012.png?width=200 "[[Monogenea]]n parasites of the genus ''[[Pseudorhabdosynochus]]'' (arrows) on the gill filament of a [[grouper]].")
![Coral reef drop-offs are a favoured habitat for [[grey reef shark]]s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Greyreefshark2.JPG?width=200 "Coral reef drop-offs are a favoured habitat for [[grey reef shark]]s")
![A [[hawkfish]], safely perched on [[Acropora]], surveys its surroundings](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hawkfish.jpg?width=200 "A [[hawkfish]], safely perched on [[Acropora]], surveys its surroundings")
![shoals]]. This may be a mechanism for overwhelming the highly aggressive defence responses of small territorial [[damselfish]]es that vigorously guard small patches of algae on coral reefs.<ref name=Alevizon1976>Mixed schooling and its possible significance in a tropical western Atlantic parrotfish and surgeonfish. WS Alevizon, Copeia 1976:797–798.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maldives Surgeonfish, Acanthurus leucosternon.jpg?width=200 "shoals]]. This may be a mechanism for overwhelming the highly aggressive defence responses of small territorial [[damselfish]]es that vigorously guard small patches of algae on coral reefs.<ref name=Alevizon1976>Mixed schooling and its possible significance in a tropical western Atlantic parrotfish and surgeonfish. WS Alevizon, Copeia 1976:797–798.</ref>")
![cauliflower coral]]. If the triggerfish wants to hide, it will squeeze into a coral crevice and lock itself in place with its spines.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Orange-lined Triggerfish3.jpg?width=200 "cauliflower coral]]. If the triggerfish wants to hide, it will squeeze into a coral crevice and lock itself in place with its spines.")
![Red snapper]], are generalized reef feeders with standard jaw and mouth structures that allow them to eat almost anything, though they prefer small fish and [[crustacean]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RedSnapper.jpg?width=200 "Red snapper]], are generalized reef feeders with standard jaw and mouth structures that allow them to eat almost anything, though they prefer small fish and [[crustacean]]s.")
![Adult [[blacktip reef shark]]s often patrol reef ledges](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shark - opening.jpg?width=200 "Adult [[blacktip reef shark]]s often patrol reef ledges")
![The [[whitetip reef shark]] almost exclusively inhabits coral reefs.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Triaenodon obesus moc.jpg?width=200 "The [[whitetip reef shark]] almost exclusively inhabits coral reefs.")
![damselfish]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amblyglyphidodon indicus.JPG?width=200 "damselfish]]")
![The usually placid [[yellow tang]] can erect spines in its tail and slash at its opponent with rapid sideways movements](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yellow.tang.arp.jpg?width=200 "The usually placid [[yellow tang]] can erect spines in its tail and slash at its opponent with rapid sideways movements")
![The slowest-moving fishes are the [[sea horse]]s, often found in reefs. The slowest of these, the [[dwarf seahorse]], attains about five feet per hour.[[Guinness Book of World Records]] (2009)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hippocampus.jpg?width=200 "The slowest-moving fishes are the [[sea horse]]s, often found in reefs. The slowest of these, the [[dwarf seahorse]], attains about five feet per hour.[[Guinness Book of World Records]] (2009)")
![The [[foureye butterflyfish]] has false eyes on its back end, confusing predators about which is the front end of the fish.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chaetodon capistratus1.jpg?width=200 "The [[foureye butterflyfish]] has false eyes on its back end, confusing predators about which is the front end of the fish.")
![The frogfish is an [[ambush predator]] disguised to look like an algae-covered stone](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Green Frogfish.jpg?width=200 "The frogfish is an [[ambush predator]] disguised to look like an algae-covered stone")
![Another ambush predator is the [[tassled scorpionfish]] camouflaged to look like part of a coral encrusted sea floor.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tassled scorpionfish.jpg?width=200 "Another ambush predator is the [[tassled scorpionfish]] camouflaged to look like part of a coral encrusted sea floor.")
![[[Gobies]] are very cautious, yet they can fail to see a tassled scorpionfish until it is too late.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lemon Goby.jpg?width=200 "[[Gobies]] are very cautious, yet they can fail to see a tassled scorpionfish until it is too late.")
![Adult [[coral trout]] hunt a variety of reef fish, particularly [[damselfish]], while their juveniles mostly eat crustaceans such as prawns.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Plectropomus leopardus.jpg?width=200 "Adult [[coral trout]] hunt a variety of reef fish, particularly [[damselfish]], while their juveniles mostly eat crustaceans such as prawns.")
![[[Bluestripe snapper]] will eat just about anything.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lutjanus kasmira school.jpg?width=200 "[[Bluestripe snapper]] will eat just about anything.")
![giant morays]] in hunting.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Merou081.JPG?width=200 "giant morays]] in hunting.")
![schooling]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prionurus laticlavius.jpg?width=200 "schooling]].")
![[[Cardinalfish]] swim in schools for protection against trevally.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Banggai cardinal fish.jpg?width=200 "[[Cardinalfish]] swim in schools for protection against trevally.")
![[[Bigeye trevally]] hunt cardinalfish in packs and herd them against the reef. When the cardinalfish panic and break school formation, the trevally pick them off.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Caranx sexfasciatus taxobox.jpg?width=200 "[[Bigeye trevally]] hunt cardinalfish in packs and herd them against the reef. When the cardinalfish panic and break school formation, the trevally pick them off.")
![[[Porcupinefish]] inflate themselves by swallowing water or air, which restricts potential predators to those with bigger mouths.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Diodon nicthemerus.jpg?width=200 "[[Porcupinefish]] inflate themselves by swallowing water or air, which restricts potential predators to those with bigger mouths.")
![The [[Emperor angelfish]] feeds on [[coral]] [[sponge]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pomocanthus imperator.jpg?width=200 "The [[Emperor angelfish]] feeds on [[coral]] [[sponge]]s.")
![The [[titan triggerfish]] followed by small [[orange-lined triggerfish]] and [[moorish idol]] that feed on leftovers.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Titan Triggerfish.jpg?width=200 "The [[titan triggerfish]] followed by small [[orange-lined triggerfish]] and [[moorish idol]] that feed on leftovers.")
![Two small cleaner [[wrasse]]s servicing a larger fish at a [[cleaning station]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mulloidichthys flavolineatus at cleaning station.jpg?width=200 "Two small cleaner [[wrasse]]s servicing a larger fish at a [[cleaning station]]")
![reef lizardfish]] secretes a mucus coating which reduces drag when they swim. But some parasites find the mucus good to eat.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Synodus variegatus 1.JPG?width=200 "reef lizardfish]] secretes a mucus coating which reduces drag when they swim. But some parasites find the mucus good to eat.")
![Relatively defenceless [[parrotfish]] feed on algae.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stoplight-parrotfish.jpg?width=200 "Relatively defenceless [[parrotfish]] feed on algae.")
![Ferocious [[barracuda]] prey in schools on parrotfish.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Barracuda laban.jpg?width=200 "Ferocious [[barracuda]] prey in schools on parrotfish.")
![Coral [[rabbitfish]] have venomous spines which they erect if threatened.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Siganus_corallinus.jpg?width=200 "Coral [[rabbitfish]] have venomous spines which they erect if threatened.")
![[[Saddle butterflyfish]] are resistant to the sea anemone toxin.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chaetodon ephippium PLW edit.jpg?width=200 "[[Saddle butterflyfish]] are resistant to the sea anemone toxin.")
![Yellowtail clownfish]] with sea anemone](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amphiprion clarkii.jpg?width=200 "Yellowtail clownfish]] with sea anemone")
![Common clownfish]] guarding their sea anemone home](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ocellaris clownfish, Flickr.jpg?width=200 "Common clownfish]] guarding their sea anemone home")
![month=July}}[http://www.petplace.com/fish/the-stonefish-the-deadliest-fish-in-the-world/page1.aspx "The Stonefish – The Deadliest Fish in The World"], Virginia Wells, Petplace.com.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Synanceia verrucosa.jpg?width=200 "month=July}}[http://www.petplace.com/fish/the-stonefish-the-deadliest-fish-in-the-world/page1.aspx \"The Stonefish – The Deadliest Fish in The World\"], Virginia Wells, Petplace.com.")
![The [[spotted trunkfish]] secretes a [[ciguatera]] toxin from glands on its skin.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lactophrys bicaudalis.jpg?width=200 "The [[spotted trunkfish]] secretes a [[ciguatera]] toxin from glands on its skin.")
![Like many other apex reef fish, the [[giant moray]] can cause [[ciguatera]] poisoning if eaten.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/G.Javanicus8.jpg?width=200 "Like many other apex reef fish, the [[giant moray]] can cause [[ciguatera]] poisoning if eaten.")
![The [[great hammerhead]] uses its hammer both to locate electrical signatures of stingrays buried in the sand and to pin them down.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sphyrna mokarran head.jpg?width=200 "The [[great hammerhead]] uses its hammer both to locate electrical signatures of stingrays buried in the sand and to pin them down.")
FISH WHICH LIVE AMONGST OR IN CLOSE RELATION TO CORAL REEFS
Reef fish; Coral reef fishes; Coral fish; Reef fishes
pesce dei coralli
coral reef
![isotherms]]. Most corals live within this boundary. Note the cooler waters caused by upwelling on the southwest coast of Africa and off the coast of Peru.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/20 Grad Isotherme.png?width=200 "isotherms]]. Most corals live within this boundary. Note the cooler waters caused by upwelling on the southwest coast of Africa and off the coast of Peru.")
![Deep-water [[cloud sponge]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aphrocallistes vastus.jpg?width=200 "Deep-water [[cloud sponge]]")
![bay Islands]] are part of the mesoamerican coral reef system. Due to this, the authorities have made huge investments for its preservation.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arrecife coralino de Roatán.jpg?width=200 "bay Islands]] are part of the mesoamerican coral reef system. Due to this, the authorities have made huge investments for its preservation.")
![A major coral bleaching event took place on this part of the [[Great Barrier Reef]] in Australia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bleached coral (24577819729).jpg?width=200 "A major coral bleaching event took place on this part of the [[Great Barrier Reef]] in Australia")
![NOAA]] Ocean Education Service. Retrieved January 9, 2010.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Coral atoll formation animation.gif?width=200 "NOAA]] Ocean Education Service. Retrieved January 9, 2010.</ref>")
![polyp]] anatomy](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Coral polyp.jpg?width=200 "polyp]] anatomy")
![[[Coralline algae]] ''[[Lithothamnion]] sp.''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Coralline algae 2.jpg?width=200 "[[Coralline algae]] ''[[Lithothamnion]] sp.''")
![Fringing reef at [[Eilat]] at the southern tip of [[Israel]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EilatFringingReef.jpg?width=200 "Fringing reef at [[Eilat]] at the southern tip of [[Israel]]")
![Table coral, ''[[Acropora]] sp.''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FFS Table bottom.jpg?width=200 "Table coral, ''[[Acropora]] sp.''")
![Inhabited [[cay]] in the [[Maldives]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maldives - Kurumba Island.jpg?width=200 "Inhabited [[cay]] in the [[Maldives]]")
![A small [[atoll]] in the [[Maldives]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maldives small island.jpg?width=200 "A small [[atoll]] in the [[Maldives]]")
![The colour of corals depends on the combination of brown shades provided by their [[zooxanthellae]] and pigmented proteins (reds, blues, greens, etc.) produced by the corals themselves.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Multy color corals.JPG?width=200 "The colour of corals depends on the combination of brown shades provided by their [[zooxanthellae]] and pigmented proteins (reds, blues, greens, etc.) produced by the corals themselves.")
![[[Eastern oyster]]s (''Crassostrea virginica'')](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oyster bed, Brunswick, GA, US.jpg?width=200 "[[Eastern oyster]]s (''Crassostrea virginica'')")
.png?width=200 "Coral polyps}}")
![shoals]], that is, it slows down and the wave height increases.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Propagation du tsunami en profondeur variable.gif?width=200 "shoals]], that is, it slows down and the wave height increases.")
![sessile]] and take root on the ocean floor. But unlike plants, corals do not make their own food.<ref>[https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral.html Are corals animals or plants?] ''NOAA: National Ocean Service''. Accessed 11 February 2020. Updated: 7 January 2020.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Uderwater Paradise.jpg?width=200 "sessile]] and take root on the ocean floor. But unlike plants, corals do not make their own food.<ref>[https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral.html Are corals animals or plants?] ''NOAA: National Ocean Service''. Accessed 11 February 2020. Updated: 7 January 2020.</ref>")
![This map shows areas of [[upwelling]] in red. Coral reefs are not found in coastal areas where colder and nutrient-rich upwellings occur.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Upwelling image1.jpg?width=200 "This map shows areas of [[upwelling]] in red. Coral reefs are not found in coastal areas where colder and nutrient-rich upwellings occur.")
![[[Zooxanthellae]], the microscopic algae that lives inside coral, gives it colour and provides it with food through photosynthesis](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zooxanthellae.jpg?width=200 "[[Zooxanthellae]], the microscopic algae that lives inside coral, gives it colour and provides it with food through photosynthesis")
![volcanic island]] which becomes extinct](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Atoll forming-volcano.png?width=200 "volcanic island]] which becomes extinct")
![As the island and ocean floor subside, coral growth builds a [[fringing reef]], often including a shallow lagoon between the land and the main reef.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Atoll forming-Fringing reef.png?width=200 "As the island and ocean floor subside, coral growth builds a [[fringing reef]], often including a shallow lagoon between the land and the main reef.")
![As the subsidence continues, the fringing reef becomes a larger barrier reef further from the shore with a bigger and deeper [[lagoon]] inside.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Atoll forming-Barrier reef.png?width=200 "As the subsidence continues, the fringing reef becomes a larger barrier reef further from the shore with a bigger and deeper [[lagoon]] inside.")
![Ultimately, the island sinks below the sea, and the barrier reef becomes an [[atoll]] enclosing an open lagoon.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Atoll forming-Atoll.png?width=200 "Ultimately, the island sinks below the sea, and the barrier reef becomes an [[atoll]] enclosing an open lagoon.")
.jpg?width=200 "Spiral wire coral")
![[[Mushroom coral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Muchroom coral.JPG?width=200 "[[Mushroom coral]]")
![[[Staghorn coral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Staghorn-coral-1.jpg?width=200 "[[Staghorn coral]]")
![[[Pillar coral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PillarCoral.jpg?width=200 "[[Pillar coral]]")
![[[Brain coral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brain coral.jpg?width=200 "[[Brain coral]]")
![[[Maze coral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Meandrina meandrites (Maze Coral).jpg?width=200 "[[Maze coral]]")
![[[Black coral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Black coral.jpg?width=200 "[[Black coral]]")
![[[Elkhorn coral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elkhorn Coral with a Yellowtail Damselfish in the Caribbean Sea in Curaçao.jpg?width=200 "[[Elkhorn coral]]")
![[[Caribbean reef squid]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Caribbean reef squid.jpg?width=200 "[[Caribbean reef squid]]")
![[[Banded coral shrimp]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stenopus hispidus (high res).jpg?width=200 "[[Banded coral shrimp]]")
![[[Green turtle]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Green turtle John Pennekamp.jpg?width=200 "[[Green turtle]]")
![[[Giant clam]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Red sea-reef 3627.jpg?width=200 "[[Giant clam]]")
![[[Banded sea krait]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Laticauda colubrina (Wakatobi).jpg?width=200 "[[Banded sea krait]]")
![The shell of ''[[Latiaxis wormaldi]]'', a coral snail](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Latiaxis wormaldi 002.jpg?width=200 "The shell of ''[[Latiaxis wormaldi]]'', a coral snail")
RIDGE OF ROCK IN THE SEA FORMED BY THE GROWTH AND DEPOSIT OF CORAL
Barrier Reef; Coral reefs; Coral Reef; Fringing Reef; Ribbon reef; Deltaic reef; Barrier reefs; Coral-Reefs; Lagoonal reef; Cresentic reef; Planar reef; Coral reef destruction; Apron reef; Formation of coral reefs; Darwin's paradox; Reef habitat zones; Habili; Coral Reef Ecology; Coral reef ecology; Barrier reef; Platform reef; Table reef; Bank reef; Tropical coral reef
scogliera corallina, barriera corallina
Definition
Coral fish
·- Any bright-colored fish of the genera Chaetodon, Pomacentrus, Apogon, and related genera, which live among reef corals.
Wikipedia
Kingman Reef
.jpg?width=120)
Kingman Reef is a largely submerged, uninhabited, triangle-shaped reef, geologically an atoll, 9.0 nmi (20 km) east-west and 4.5 nmi (8 km) north-south, in the North Pacific Ocean, roughly halfway between the Hawaiian Islands and American Samoa. It has an area of 3 hectares (0.03 km2; 7.4 acres) and is one of the unincorporated territories of the United States in Oceania. The reef is administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service as the Kingman Reef National Wildlife Refuge.
Beispiele aus Textkorpus für Kingman Reef
1. Both regions boast enormous biodiversity: Kingman Reef and other islands in the central Pacific area teem with sharks and other top predators as well as vibrant, healthy corals; the Mariana Trench and its nearby islands are home to several species of rare beaked whales and the Micronesian megapode –– an endangered bird that uses the heat from volcanic vents to incubate its eggs –– and also boast mud volcanoes, pools of boiling sulfur and the greatest microbial diversity on Earth.