Cray-2 - ορισμός. Τι είναι το Cray-2
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Τι (ποιος) είναι Cray-2 - ορισμός

TYPE OF VECTOR SUPERCOMPUTER
Cray 2; Cray II; Cray-II; CRAY-2; CRAY 2
  • Side view of 1985 [[Supercomputer]] Cray-2, [[Musée des Arts et Métiers]], [[Paris]]
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  • 250px
  • Front view of 1985 [[Supercomputer]] Cray-2, [[Musée des Arts et Métiers]], [[Paris]]

Cray Research, Inc.         
  • Cray-2 supercomputer
  • Cray at the SC18 conference
  • Cray-designed HLRN-III ''Konrad'' (XC30/XC40) at [[Zuse Institute Berlin]], 2014
  • Cray T3E processor board
AMERICAN SUPERCOMPUTER MANUFACTURER
Cray Research; Cray Inc; Cray supercomputer; Cray Computer Corp.; Cray Computer; Cray, Inc; Cray, Inc.; Cray Incorporated; Cray, Incorporated; Cray Computer Corp; Cray Computers; Cray Inc.; Cray Supercomputer; CRAY; Cray (computers); Cray Research, Inc.; Cray Laboratories; Cray CS500; HPE Cray; HPE Cray EX235a; HPE Cray EX235n
<company> US manufacturer of large powerful mainframe supercomputers, co-founded by noted computer architect, Seymour Cray. Quarterly sales $216M, profits $8M (Aug 1994). Cray were bought by Silicon Graphics, Inc.. [More details?] (1999-10-19)
Cray         
  • Cray-2 supercomputer
  • Cray at the SC18 conference
  • Cray-designed HLRN-III ''Konrad'' (XC30/XC40) at [[Zuse Institute Berlin]], 2014
  • Cray T3E processor board
AMERICAN SUPERCOMPUTER MANUFACTURER
Cray Research; Cray Inc; Cray supercomputer; Cray Computer Corp.; Cray Computer; Cray, Inc; Cray, Inc.; Cray Incorporated; Cray, Incorporated; Cray Computer Corp; Cray Computers; Cray Inc.; Cray Supercomputer; CRAY; Cray (computers); Cray Research, Inc.; Cray Laboratories; Cray CS500; HPE Cray; HPE Cray EX235a; HPE Cray EX235n
·noun ·Alt. of Crayer.
Seymour Cray         
  • With a [[Cray-1]]
APPLIED MATHEMATICIAN, COMPUTER SCIENTIST, AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
Seymore Cray; Cray Computer Corporation; Seymour R. Cray; Seymour Roger Cray; Cray, Seymour; SRC Computers
<person> The founder of Cray Research and designer of several of their supercomputers. Cray has been a charismatic yet somewhat reclusive figure. He began Cray Research in Minnesota in 1972. In 1988, Cray moved his Cray-3 project to Colorado Springs. The next year, Cray Research spun it off to create Cray Computer. In 1989, Cray left Cray Research and started Cray Computer Corporation in Colorado Springs. His quest to build a faster computer using new-generation materials failed in 1995, and his bankruptcy cost half a billion dollars and more than 400 jobs. The company was unable to raise $20 million needed to finish the Cray-4 and filed for bankruptcy in March 1995. In the summer of 1996, Cray started a Colorado Springs-based company called SRC Computers, Inc. "We think we'll build computers, but who knows what kind or how," Cray said at the time. "We'll talk it over and see if we can come up with a plan." On 1996-09-22, aged 70, Cray broke his neck in a car accident. Surgery for massive head injuries and swelling of the brain leaving him in a critical and unstable condition. (1997-03-02)

Βικιπαίδεια

Cray-2

The Cray-2 is a supercomputer with four vector processors made by Cray Research starting in 1985. At 1.9 GFLOPS peak performance, it was the fastest machine in the world when it was released, replacing the Cray X-MP in that spot. It was, in turn, replaced in that spot by the Cray Y-MP in 1988.

The Cray-2 was the first of Seymour Cray's designs to successfully use multiple CPUs. This had been attempted in the CDC 8600 in the early 1970s, but the emitter-coupled logic (ECL) transistors of the era were too difficult to package into a working machine. The Cray-2 addressed this through the use of ECL integrated circuits, packing them in a novel 3D wiring that greatly increased circuit density.

The dense packaging and resulting heat loads were a major problem for the Cray-2. This was solved in a unique fashion by forcing the electrically inert Fluorinert liquid through the circuitry under pressure and then cooling it outside the processor box. The unique "waterfall" cooler system came to represent high-performance computing in the public eye and was found in many informational films and as a movie prop for some time.

Unlike the original Cray-1, the Cray-2 had difficulties delivering peak performance. Other machines from the company, like the X-MP and Y-MP, outsold the Cray-2 by a wide margin. When Cray began development of the Cray-3, the company chose to develop the Cray C90 series instead. This is the same sequence of events that occurred when the 8600 was being developed, and as in that case, Cray left the company.