evolutionary universals - ορισμός. Τι είναι το evolutionary universals
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Τι (ποιος) είναι evolutionary universals - ορισμός

BRANCH OF BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
Evolutionary systematics; Evolutionary systematist
  • A Besseyan cactus evolutionary tree of the moss genus ''Didymodon'' with generalized taxa in color and specialized descendants in white. Support measures are given in terms of Bayes factors, using deciban analysis of taxon transformation. Only two progenitors are considered unknown shared ancestors.
  • [[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck]]'s 1815 diagram showing branching in the course of invertebrate evolution
  • Evolution of the [[vertebrate]]s at class level, width of spindles indicating number of families. Spindle diagrams are often used in evolutionary taxonomy.

Aristotle's theory of universals         
PHILOSOPHICAL QUESTION OF WHETHER PROPERTIES EXIST, AND IF SO, WHAT THEY ARE
ProblemOfUniversals; Aristotle's theory of universals; Universals (metaphysics); Conceptualism, Nominalism, Realism; Realism, Nominalism, Conceptualism; Nominalism, Realism, Conceptualism; The problem of universals; Aristotles theory of universals; Question of universals; Aristotelian universals; Aristotelian realism; Extreme realism; Exaggerated realism; Strong realism; Problem of Universals; Problem of the one and many; Problem of one and many
Aristotle's Theory of Universals is Aristotle's classical solution to the Problem of Universals, sometimes known as the hylomorphic theory of immanent realism. Universals are the characteristics or qualities that ordinary objects or things have in common.
Problem of universals         
PHILOSOPHICAL QUESTION OF WHETHER PROPERTIES EXIST, AND IF SO, WHAT THEY ARE
ProblemOfUniversals; Aristotle's theory of universals; Universals (metaphysics); Conceptualism, Nominalism, Realism; Realism, Nominalism, Conceptualism; Nominalism, Realism, Conceptualism; The problem of universals; Aristotles theory of universals; Question of universals; Aristotelian universals; Aristotelian realism; Extreme realism; Exaggerated realism; Strong realism; Problem of Universals; Problem of the one and many; Problem of one and many
The problem of universals is an ancient question from metaphysics that has inspired a range of philosophical topics and disputes: Should the properties an object has in common with other objects, such as color and shape, be considered to exist beyond those objects? And if a property exists separately from objects, what is the nature of that existence?
Evolutionary taxonomy         
Evolutionary taxonomy, evolutionary systematics or Darwinian classification is a branch of biological classification that seeks to classify organisms using a combination of phylogenetic relationship (shared descent), progenitor-descendant relationship (serial descent), and degree of evolutionary change. This type of taxonomy may consider whole taxa rather than single species, so that groups of species can be inferred as giving rise to new groups.

Βικιπαίδεια

Evolutionary taxonomy

Evolutionary taxonomy, evolutionary systematics or Darwinian classification is a branch of biological classification that seeks to classify organisms using a combination of phylogenetic relationship (shared descent), progenitor-descendant relationship (serial descent), and degree of evolutionary change. This type of taxonomy may consider whole taxa rather than single species, so that groups of species can be inferred as giving rise to new groups. The concept found its most well-known form in the modern evolutionary synthesis of the early 1940s.

Evolutionary taxonomy differs from strict pre-Darwinian Linnaean taxonomy (producing orderly lists only), in that it builds evolutionary trees. While in phylogenetic nomenclature each taxon must consist of a single ancestral node and all its descendants, evolutionary taxonomy allows for groups to be excluded from their parent taxa (e.g. dinosaurs are not considered to include birds, but to have given rise to them), thus permitting paraphyletic taxa.