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Τι (ποιος) είναι extraneous circumstances - ορισμός

IN LAW, THE FACTS SURROUNDING AN EVENT

Mitigating circumstance; Attendant circumstances

Mitigating factor

ANY INFORMATION OR EVIDENCE PRESENTED TO THE COURT REGARDING THE DEFENDANT OR THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CRIME THAT MIGHT RESULT IN REDUCED CHARGES OR A LESSER SENTENCE

Extenuating circumstance; Extenuating Circumstance; Extenuating circumstances; Mitigating circumstances; Extenuating Circumstances; Mitigating factors

In criminal law, a mitigating factor, also known as an extenuating circumstance, is any information or evidence presented to the court regarding the defendant or the circumstances of the crime that might result in reduced charges or a lesser sentence. Unlike a legal defense, the presentation of mitigating factors will not result in the acquittal of a defendant.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitigating_factor

Given circumstances

STANISLAVSKY'S SYSTEM

Given Circumstances

The term Given Circumstances is a principle from Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski's methodology for actor training, formulated in the first half of the 20th century at the Moscow Art Theatre.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Given_circumstances

mitigating circumstances

ANY INFORMATION OR EVIDENCE PRESENTED TO THE COURT REGARDING THE DEFENDANT OR THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CRIME THAT MIGHT RESULT IN REDUCED CHARGES OR A LESSER SENTENCE

Extenuating circumstance; Extenuating Circumstance; Extenuating circumstances; Mitigating circumstances; Extenuating Circumstances; Mitigating factors

n. in criminal law, conditions or happenings which do not excuse or justify criminal conduct, but are considered out of mercy or fairness in deciding the degree of the offense the prosecutor charges or influencing reduction of the penalty upon conviction. Example: a young man shoots his father after years of being beaten, belittled, sworn at and treated without love. "Heat of passion" or "diminished capacity" are forms of such mitigating circumstances. See also: diminished capacity heat of passion Twinkie defense

Βικιπαίδεια

Attendant circumstance

In law, attendant circumstances (sometimes external circumstances) are the facts surrounding an event.

In criminal law in the United States, the definition of a given offense generally includes up to three kinds of "elements": the actus reus, or guilty conduct; the mens rea, or guilty mental state; and the attendant (sometimes "external") circumstances. The reason is given in Powell v. Texas, 392 U.S. 514, 533 (1968):

...criminal penalties may be inflicted only if the accused has committed some act, has engaged in some behavior, which society has an interest in preventing.

The burden of proof is on the prosecution to prove each "element of the offense" in order for a defendant to be found guilty. The Model Penal Code §1.13(9) offers the following definition of the phrase "elements of an offense":

(i) such conduct or (ii) such attendant circumstances or (iii) such a result of conduct as
(a) is included in the description of the forbidden conduct in the definition of the offense; or

(b) establishes the required kind of culpability; or

(c) negatives an excuse or justification for such conduct; or

(d) negatives a defense under the statute of limitations; or

(e) establishes jurisdiction or venue;

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attendant circumstance

Παραδείγματα από το σώμα κειμένου για extraneous circumstances

1. "There are extraneous circumstances that indicate there‘s some strange things going on with this test," Landis told BBC radio.

2. Tripati, and activist Gaurang Damani who had argued extensively that the extensions were not only contrary to the service rules that governed the members of the All India Services but "were arbitrary and discriminatory and based on extraneous circumstances."Taking These extensions do not satisfy the basic ingredients of the relevant provisions and instructions issued by the government itself for grant of extensions and such extensions are "arbitrary" the judges added in their judgment.