inverse astigmatism - translation to αραβικά
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inverse astigmatism - translation to αραβικά

TYPE OF MUSICAL PERMUTATION
Retrograde-inversion; Inverse retrograde; Retrograde inverse; Inverse-retrograde; Retrograde-inverse
  • 978-0-521-68200-8}} (pbk).</ref> P R I IR

inverse astigmatism      
‎ لَابُؤْرِيَّةٌ عَكْسِيَّة‎
inverse function         
  • The inverse of this [[cubic function]] has three branches.
  • Example of '''right inverse''' with non-injective, surjective function
FUNCTION THAT "REVERSES" ANOTHER FUNCTION: IF THE FUNCTION F APPLIED TO AN INPUT X GIVES A RESULT OF Y, THEN APPLYING ITS INVERSE FUNCTION G TO Y GIVES THE RESULT X, AND VICE VERSA. I.E., F(X) = Y IF AND ONLY IF G(Y) = X
Inverse (function); Inverse map; Inverse operation; Inverse (functions); Invertible function; Inverse operator; Inverse mapping; Inverse functions; Functional inverse; Left inverse function; Function inverse; The Inverse Operation; Inverse process; Inv (function prefix); Compositional inverse; Composition inverse; Anti-function; Antifunction; General inverse function; Partial inverse; Right inverse function
الدالة العكسية
astigmatism         
  • Illustration of astigmatism
REFRACTIVE ERROR CHARACTERIZED BY THE OPTICS OF THE EYE TO FOCUS A POINT OBJECT INTO A SHARP FOCUSED IMAGE ON THE RETINA, HAS_SYMPTOM BLURRED VISION.
Astigamatic; Astygmatism; Astigmia; Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/The Alpins Method of Astigmatism Analysis; The Alpins method of astigmatism analysis; Alpins astigmatism method; Astigmatic; Astigmatic refractive error; Human astigmatism; Astigmatism (eye)
اللَّابُؤْرِيَّة

Ορισμός

Astigmatism
·noun A defect of the eye or of a lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from one point are not brought to a single focal point, thus causing imperfect images or indistinctness of vision.

Βικιπαίδεια

Retrograde inversion

Retrograde inversion is a musical term that literally means "backwards and upside down": "The inverse of the series is sounded in reverse order." Retrograde reverses the order of the motif's pitches: what was the first pitch becomes the last, and vice versa. This is a technique used in music, specifically in twelve-tone technique, where the inversion and retrograde techniques are performed on the same tone row successively, "[t]he inversion of the prime series in reverse order from last pitch to first."

Conventionally, inversion is carried out first, and the inverted form is then taken backward to form the retrograde inversion, so that the untransposed retrograde inversion ends with the pitch that began the prime form of the series. In his late twelve-tone works, however, Igor Stravinsky preferred the opposite order, so that his row charts use inverse retrograde (IR) forms for his source sets, instead of retrograde inversions (RI), although he sometimes labeled them RI in his sketches.

For example, the forms of the row from Requiem Canticles are as follows:

 P0: 0 2 t e 1 8 6 7 9 4 3 5
 R0: 5 3 4 9 7 6 8 1 e t 2 0
 I0: 0 t 2 1 e 4 6 5 3 8 9 7
RI0: 7 9 8 3 5 6 4 e 1 2 t 0
IR0: 5 7 6 1 3 4 2 9 e 0 8 t

Note that IR is a transposition of RI, the pitch class between the last pitches of P and I above RI.

Other compositions that include retrograde inversions in its rows include works by Tadeusz Baird and Karel Goeyvaerts. One work in particular by the latter composer, Nummer 2, employs retrograde of the recurring twelve-tone row B–F–F–E–G–A–E–D–A–B–D–C in the piano part. It is performed in both styles, particularly in the outer sections of the piece. The final movement of Hindemith's Ludus Tonalis, the Postludium, is an exact retrograde inversion of the work's opening Praeludium.