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What (who) is Asia Minor - definition
![Turkish invasions]] in Asia Minor (11th–13th century)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/11 13th century Asia Minor Turkish Invasions.png?width=200 "Turkish invasions]] in Asia Minor (11th–13th century)")
![Byzantine-Arab frontier zone]] in the mid-9th century](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Asia Minor ca 842 AD.svg?width=200 "Byzantine-Arab frontier zone]] in the mid-9th century")
.jpg?width=200 "Anatolia's dry central plateau")
![[[Territorial evolution of the Ottoman Empire]] between 1359 and 1683](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Growth of the Ottoman Empire.jpg?width=200 "[[Territorial evolution of the Ottoman Empire]] between 1359 and 1683")
![Sanctuary of the Kings of [[Commagene]] on [[Mount Nemrut]] (1st century BCE)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nemrut Dağı 12.jpg?width=200 "Sanctuary of the Kings of [[Commagene]] on [[Mount Nemrut]] (1st century BCE)")
![A panorama of the [[Pontic Mountains]] in the [[Black Sea Region]] of northern Anatolia, Turkey](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pontic Panorama.jpg?width=200 "A panorama of the [[Pontic Mountains]] in the [[Black Sea Region]] of northern Anatolia, Turkey")
![isbn=978-0-415-16524-2}}. Fig. 1. Regions east of the [[Euphrates]] river were held only in the years 116–117.</ref>}}](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roman Empire Trajan 117AD.png?width=200 "isbn=978-0-415-16524-2}}. Fig. 1. Regions east of the [[Euphrates]] river were held only in the years 116–117.</ref>}}")
![Fairy chimneys in [[Cappadocia]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Uchisar Castle.jpg?width=200 "Fairy chimneys in [[Cappadocia]]")
![abbr=on}},<ref name="Dimitrov1"/><ref name="Dimitrov2"/> triggering the formation of the [[Turkish Straits]].<ref name="Black Sea Deluge"/><ref name="Dimitrov1"/><ref name="Dimitrov2"/> As a result, two former [[lake]]s (the [[Sea of Marmara]] and the [[Black Sea]])<ref name="Black Sea Deluge"/> were connected to the [[Mediterranean Sea]], which separated Anatolia from Europe.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Weichsel-Würm-Glaciation.png?width=200 "abbr=on}},<ref name=\"Dimitrov1\"/><ref name=\"Dimitrov2\"/> triggering the formation of the [[Turkish Straits]].<ref name=\"Black Sea Deluge\"/><ref name=\"Dimitrov1\"/><ref name=\"Dimitrov2\"/> As a result, two former [[lake]]s (the [[Sea of Marmara]] and the [[Black Sea]])<ref name=\"Black Sea Deluge\"/> were connected to the [[Mediterranean Sea]], which separated Anatolia from Europe.")
![[[Ankara]] (central Anatolia)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Klima_ankara.png?width=200 "[[Ankara]] (central Anatolia)")
![[[Antalya]] (southern Anatolia)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Klima_antalya.png?width=200 "[[Antalya]] (southern Anatolia)")
![Van]] (eastern Anatolia)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Klima_van.png?width=200 "Van]] (eastern Anatolia)")
Anatolia, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The region is bounded by the Turkish Straits to the northwest, the Black Sea to the north, the Armenian Highlands to the east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west. The Sea of Marmara forms a connection between the Black and Aegean seas through the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits and separates Anatolia from Thrace on the Balkan peninsula of Southeast Europe.
The eastern border of Anatolia has been held to be a line between the Gulf of Alexandretta and the Black Sea, bounded by the Armenian Highlands to the east and Mesopotamia to the southeast. By this definition Anatolia comprises approximately the western two-thirds of the Asian part of Turkey. Today, Anatolia is sometimes considered to be synonymous with Asian Turkey, thereby including the western part of the Armenian Highlands and northern Mesopotamia and making its eastern and southern borders coterminous with Turkey's borders.
The ancient Anatolian peoples spoke the now-extinct Anatolian languages of the Indo-European language family, which were largely replaced by the Greek language during classical antiquity as well as during the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods. The major Anatolian languages included Hittite, Luwian, and Lydian, while other, poorly attested local languages included Phrygian and Mysian. Hurro-Urartian languages were spoken in the southeastern kingdom of Mitanni, while Galatian, a Celtic language, was spoken in Galatia, central Anatolia. The Turkification of Anatolia began under the rule of the Seljuk Empire in the late 11th century, continued under the Ottoman Empire between the late 13th and early 20th centuries, and continues today under the Republic of Turkey. However, various non-Turkic languages continue to be spoken by minorities in Anatolia today, including Kurdish, Neo-Aramaic, Armenian, North Caucasian languages, Laz, Georgian and Greek. Other ancient peoples in the region included Galatians, Hurrians, Assyrians, Hattians, Cimmerians, as well as Ionian, Dorian, and Aeolic Greeks.
