graph colouring
ASSIGNMENT OF COLORS TO ELEMENTS OF A GRAPH SUBJECT TO CERTAIN CONSTRAINTS
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<
application> A
constraint-satisfaction problem often used
as a test case in research, which also turns out to be
equivalent to certain real-world problems (e.g. {register
allocation}). Given a
connected graph and a fixed number of
colours, the problem is to assign a colour to each node,
subject to the constraint that any two connected nodes cannot
be assigned the same colour. This is an example of an
NP-complete problem.
See also
four colour map theorem.