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What (who) is hypoglossal$36969$ - definition
ANATOMICAL ENTITY
Nucleus nervi hypoglossi; Hypoglossal motor nucleus; Nucleus of the hypoglossal; Nucleus of hypoglossal; Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve; Nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve
![[[Micrograph]] showing the hypoglossal nuclei in relation to their surrounding structures.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Medulla_oblongata_-_posterior_-_very_low_mag.jpg?width=200 "[[Micrograph]] showing the hypoglossal nuclei in relation to their surrounding structures.")
![H&E-LFB stain]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Medulla_oblongata_-_posterior_-_cn_xii_-_high_mag.jpg?width=200 "H&E-LFB stain]].")
Hypoglossal nucleus
The hypoglossal nucleus is a cranial nerve nucleus, found within the medulla. Being a motor nucleus, it is close to the midline.
Hypoglossal
![medulla]] (labelled 13), part of the [[brainstem]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Human brainstem anterior view description.JPG?width=200 "medulla]] (labelled 13), part of the [[brainstem]].")
![The hypoglossal nerve leaves the skull through the [[hypoglossal canal]], which is situated near the large opening for the spinal cord, the [[foramen magnum]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Base of skull 19.jpg?width=200 "The hypoglossal nerve leaves the skull through the [[hypoglossal canal]], which is situated near the large opening for the spinal cord, the [[foramen magnum]].")
![After leaving the skull, the hypoglossal nerve spirals around the [[vagus nerve]] and then passes behind the deep belly of the [[digastric muscle]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sobo 1909 693.png?width=200 "After leaving the skull, the hypoglossal nerve spirals around the [[vagus nerve]] and then passes behind the deep belly of the [[digastric muscle]].")
![deep]] to the [[hyoglossus muscle]], which it supplies. It then continues on and supplies the [[genioglossus]] muscle, and towards the tip of the tongue, where it divides into branches supplying the tongue muscles.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Slide12ww.JPG?width=200 "deep]] to the [[hyoglossus muscle]], which it supplies. It then continues on and supplies the [[genioglossus]] muscle, and towards the tip of the tongue, where it divides into branches supplying the tongue muscles.")
12TH CRANIAL NERVE
Twelfth cranial nerve; Hypoglossal; Hypoglossal nerve diseases; CN XII; Ramus descendens hypoglossi; Lingual branches of hypoglossal nerve; CN-12; XII cranial nerve; Hypoglossal Nerve; Cranial Nerve XII; Hypoglossus nerve; Cranial nerve 12; 12th cranial nerve; Nervus hypoglossus; Hypoglossus; Hypoglossal nerves; Hypoglossus nerves; Lingual branches of the hypoglossal nerve; Hypoglossal nerve injury
·noun One of the hypoglossal nerves.
II. Hypoglossal ·adj Under the tongue;
- applied ·esp., in the higher vertebrates, to the twelfth or last pair of cranial nerves, which are distributed to the base of the tongue.
hypoglossal nerves
12TH CRANIAL NERVE
Twelfth cranial nerve; Hypoglossal; Hypoglossal nerve diseases; CN XII; Ramus descendens hypoglossi; Lingual branches of hypoglossal nerve; CN-12; XII cranial nerve; Hypoglossal Nerve; Cranial Nerve XII; Hypoglossus nerve; Cranial nerve 12; 12th cranial nerve; Nervus hypoglossus; Hypoglossus; Hypoglossal nerves; Hypoglossus nerves; Lingual branches of the hypoglossal nerve; Hypoglossal nerve injury
[?h??p?(?)'gl?s(?)l]
¦ plural noun Anatomy the pair of cranial nerves supplying the muscles of the tongue.
Origin
C19: hypoglossal from hypo- + Gk glossa 'tongue'.
Wikipedia
Hypoglossal nucleus
The hypoglossal nucleus is a cranial nerve nucleus, found within the medulla. Being a motor nucleus, it is close to the midline. In the open medulla, it is visible as what is known as the hypoglossal trigone, a raised area (medial to the vagal trigone) protruding slightly into the fourth ventricle.
The hypoglossal nucleus is located between the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the midline of the medulla. Axons from the hypoglossal nucleus pass anteriorly through the medulla forming the hypoglossal nerve which exits between the pyramid and olive in a groove called the anterolateral sulcus.
