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What (who) is maximal clique - definition
![[[Hasse diagram]] of the set ''P'' of [[divisor]]s of 60, partially ordered by the relation "''x'' divides ''y''". The red subset ''S'' = {1,2,3,4} has two maximal elements, viz. 3 and 4, and one minimal element, viz. 1, which is also its least element.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lattice of the divisibility of 60 narrow 1,2,3,4.svg?width=200 "[[Hasse diagram]] of the set ''P'' of [[divisor]]s of 60, partially ordered by the relation \"''x'' divides ''y''\". The red subset ''S'' = {1,2,3,4} has two maximal elements, viz. 3 and 4, and one minimal element, viz. 1, which is also its least element.")
![fence]] consists of minimal and maximal elements only (Example 3).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zigzag poset.svg?width=200 "fence]] consists of minimal and maximal elements only (Example 3).")
Wikipedia
In the mathematical area of graph theory, a clique ( or ) is a subset of vertices of an undirected graph such that every two distinct vertices in the clique are adjacent. That is, a clique of a graph is an induced subgraph of that is complete. Cliques are one of the basic concepts of graph theory and are used in many other mathematical problems and constructions on graphs. Cliques have also been studied in computer science: the task of finding whether there is a clique of a given size in a graph (the clique problem) is NP-complete, but despite this hardness result, many algorithms for finding cliques have been studied.
Although the study of complete subgraphs goes back at least to the graph-theoretic reformulation of Ramsey theory by Erdős & Szekeres (1935), the term clique comes from Luce & Perry (1949), who used complete subgraphs in social networks to model cliques of people; that is, groups of people all of whom know each other. Cliques have many other applications in the sciences and particularly in bioinformatics.
