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What (who) is mordant dye - definition
![Historical collection of over 10,000 dyes at Technical University Dresden, [[Germany]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Blick in Farbstoffsammlung 01.JPG?width=200 "Historical collection of over 10,000 dyes at Technical University Dresden, [[Germany]]")
![Yarn drying after being dyed in the early American tradition, at [[Conner Prairie]] [[living history museum]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Conner-prairie-yarn-drying.jpg?width=200 "Yarn drying after being dyed in the early American tradition, at [[Conner Prairie]] [[living history museum]].")
![Dyeing wool cloth, 1482: from a French translation of [[Bartolomaeus Anglicus]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dyeing British Library Royal MS 15.E.iii, f. 269 1482.jpg?width=200 "Dyeing wool cloth, 1482: from a French translation of [[Bartolomaeus Anglicus]]")
![A [[woman]] dyeing her [[hair]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hårfärgning - 2007.jpg?width=200 "A [[woman]] dyeing her [[hair]].")
![RIT brand dye from mid-20th century Mexico, part of the permanent collection of the [[Museo del Objeto del Objeto]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RITdye.JPG?width=200 "RIT brand dye from mid-20th century Mexico, part of the permanent collection of the [[Museo del Objeto del Objeto]]")
![The discovery of [[Congo red]] in 1883, followed by many other synthetic [[azo dye]]s, heralded the demise of mordant dyes.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Congo-red-2D-skeletal.png?width=200 "The discovery of [[Congo red]] in 1883, followed by many other synthetic [[azo dye]]s, heralded the demise of mordant dyes.")
![chelating to metal cations]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mordant red 19.png?width=200 "chelating to metal cations]].")
Wikipedia
A dye is a colored substance that chemically bonds to the substrate to which it is being applied. This distinguishes dyes from pigments which do not chemically bind to the material they color. Dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber.
The majority of natural dyes are derived from non-animal sources: roots, berries, bark, leaves, wood, fungi and lichens. In the 21st century, most dyes are synthetic, i.e., are man-made from petrochemicals. Some are extracted from insects and or minerals.
Synthetic dyes are produced from various chemicals. The great majority of dyes are obtained in this way because of their superior cost, optical properties (color), and resilience (fastness, mordancy). Both dyes and pigments are colored, because they absorb only some wavelengths of visible light. Dyes are usually soluble in some solvent, whereas pigments are insoluble. Some dyes can be rendered insoluble with the addition of salt to produce a lake pigment.
