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What (who) is solvent cleaning - definition
![groups]] bind water, leading to swelling of the fabric and leading to wrinkling, which is minimized when these materials are treated with tetrachloroethylene or other dry cleaning solvents.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cellulose Sessel.svg?width=200 "groups]] bind water, leading to swelling of the fabric and leading to wrinkling, which is minimized when these materials are treated with tetrachloroethylene or other dry cleaning solvents.")
 3.jpg?width=200 "Italian dry cleaning machine used in France in the 1960s")
![[[Perchloroethylene]] is the main solvent used in dry cleaning](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tetrachloroethylene.svg?width=200 "[[Perchloroethylene]] is the main solvent used in dry cleaning")
.svg?width=200 "Dry clean, hydrocarbon solvent only (HCS)")
s.svg?width=200 "Gentle cleaning with hydrocarbon solvents")
ss.svg?width=200 "Very gentle cleaning with hydrocarbon solvents")
![Dry clean, [[tetrachloroethylene]] (PCE) only](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Professionelle reinigung (P).svg?width=200 "Dry clean, [[tetrachloroethylene]] (PCE) only")
s.svg?width=200 "Gentle cleaning with PCE")
ss.svg?width=200 "Very gentle cleaning with PCE")
Wikipedia
Dry cleaning is any cleaning process for clothing and textiles using a solvent other than water.
Dry cleaning still involves liquid, but clothes are instead soaked in a water-free liquid solvent (usually non-polar, as opposed to water which is a polar solvent). Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene), known in the industry as "perc", is the most widely used solvent. Alternative solvents are 1-bromopropane and petroleum spirits.
Most natural fibers can be washed in water but some synthetics (e.g., viscose, lyocell, modal, and cupro) react poorly with water and should be dry-cleaned if possible.
The expression "dry cleaner" is used both for the shop providing dry cleaning service, and for the operator of the machine that performs the process.
