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What (who) is through-girder railway bridge - definition
![The stubs at the eastern end of the [[Dunn Memorial Bridge]] give a good cross section of girder bridge construction](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dunn Memorial Bridge Supports.jpg?width=200 "The stubs at the eastern end of the [[Dunn Memorial Bridge]] give a good cross section of girder bridge construction")
![The [[Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge]] under construction in 2020. The partially completed arch is supported by wires attaching it to the completed arch behind it.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frederick Douglass Bridge construction 2020b.jpg?width=200 "The [[Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge]] under construction in 2020. The partially completed arch is supported by wires attaching it to the completed arch behind it.")
![Pentele Bridge]] is an example of a basket handle arch. Seen from one end, the two arches take the form of a handle.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pentelehíd.jpg?width=200 "Pentele Bridge]] is an example of a basket handle arch. Seen from one end, the two arches take the form of a handle.")
![Runcorn–Widnes Bridge]] under construction in-between the [[Widnes–Runcorn Transporter Bridge]] and the lattice truss [[Runcorn Railway Bridge]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Runcorn-Widnes bridge - geograph.org.uk - 2784577.jpg?width=200 "Runcorn–Widnes Bridge]] under construction in-between the [[Widnes–Runcorn Transporter Bridge]] and the lattice truss [[Runcorn Railway Bridge]].")
![The [[Chaotianmen Bridge]], China, the 2nd longest steel arch bridge in the world.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chaotianmen Bridge-1.jpg?width=200 "The [[Chaotianmen Bridge]], China, the 2nd longest steel arch bridge in the world.")
![The [[Hell Gate Bridge]], New York, shortly after its completion.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hell Gate Bridge ca 1917.png?width=200 "The [[Hell Gate Bridge]], New York, shortly after its completion.")
![The [[Bayonne Bridge]], the 6th longest steel arch bridge in the world.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/High BB from Bayonne jeh.jpg?width=200 "The [[Bayonne Bridge]], the 6th longest steel arch bridge in the world.")
![[[Tyne Bridge]], [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], opened in 1928.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tyne_Bridge.jpg?width=200 "[[Tyne Bridge]], [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], opened in 1928.")
![The [[Ahwaz White Bridge]], built in the 1930s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AhwazWhiteBridge.jpg?width=200 "The [[Ahwaz White Bridge]], built in the 1930s.")
![[[Sydney Harbour Bridge]], the 9th longest through arch bridge.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sydney Harbour Bridge from Circular Quay.jpg?width=200 "[[Sydney Harbour Bridge]], the 9th longest through arch bridge.")
![[[Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Douglass Bridge 090621.jpg?width=200 "[[Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]")
Wikipedia
A girder bridge is a bridge that uses girders as the means of supporting its deck. The two most common types of modern steel girder bridges are plate and box.
The term "girder" is often used interchangeably with "beam" in reference to bridge design. However, some authors define beam bridges slightly differently from girder bridges.
A girder may be made of concrete or steel. Many shorter bridges, especially in rural areas where they may be exposed to water overtopping and corrosion, utilize concrete box girder. The term "girder" is typically used to refer to a steel beam. In a beam or girder bridge, the beams themselves are the primary support for the deck, and are responsible for transferring the load down to the foundation. Material type, shape, and weight all affect how much weight a beam can hold. Due to the properties of the second moment of area, the height of a girder is the most significant factor to affect its load capacity. Longer spans, more traffic, or wider spacing of the beams will all directly result in a deeper beam. In truss and arch-style bridges, the girders are still the main support for the deck, but the load is transferred through the truss or arch to the foundation. These designs allow bridges to span larger distances without requiring the depth of the beam to increase beyond what is practical. However, with the inclusion of a truss or arch the bridge is no longer a true girder bridge.
