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Everest - translation to french
![The name "Mount Everest" was first proposed in this 1856 speech, later published in 1857, in which the mountain was first confirmed as the world's highest.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/"Papers relating to the Himalaya and Mount Everest" in Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, Vol. I (1857), p. 346.jpg?width=200 "The name \"Mount Everest\" was first proposed in this 1856 speech, later published in 1857, in which the mountain was first confirmed as the world's highest.")
![Published by the Survey of [[Nepal]], this is Map 50 of the 57 map set at 1:50,000 scale "attached to the main text on the First Joint Inspection Survey, 1979–80, [[Nepal]]-China border." At the top centre, a boundary line, identified as separating "China" and "Nepal", passes through the summit contour. The boundary here and for much of the [[China–Nepal border]] follows the main Himalayan watershed divide.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CH-NP 79-80 Bdy Map50.jpg?width=200 "Published by the Survey of [[Nepal]], this is Map 50 of the 57 map set at 1:50,000 scale \"attached to the main text on the First Joint Inspection Survey, 1979–80, [[Nepal]]-China border.\" At the top centre, a boundary line, identified as separating \"China\" and \"Nepal\", passes through the summit contour. The boundary here and for much of the [[China–Nepal border]] follows the main Himalayan watershed divide.")
![Climbers below the [[Geneva Spur]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Climbing through the Yellow Band, Mt. Everest, -May 2007 a.jpg?width=200 "Climbers below the [[Geneva Spur]]")
![[[Edmund Hillary]] and [[Tenzing Norgay]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay.jpg?width=200 "[[Edmund Hillary]] and [[Tenzing Norgay]]")
![From [[Kala Patthar]], [[Nepal]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Everest-fromKalarPatar.jpg?width=200 "From [[Kala Patthar]], [[Nepal]]")
![Everest Base Camp]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Everest Base Camp on a Stormy Day.jpg?width=200 "Everest Base Camp]]")
![Looking up along the southern ridgeline, the face of the [[Hillary Step]] is visible. The top of the South-West face is on the left in shadow, and in the light to the right is the top of the East/Kangshung face. In 2016 and 2017 there were serious reports that the Hillary Step was changed, which triggered a big discussion in the climbing community. (2010 photo)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hillary Step near Everest top (retouched).jpg?width=200 "Looking up along the southern ridgeline, the face of the [[Hillary Step]] is visible. The top of the South-West face is on the left in shadow, and in the light to the right is the top of the East/Kangshung face. In 2016 and 2017 there were serious reports that the Hillary Step was changed, which triggered a big discussion in the climbing community. (2010 photo)")
![relief map]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MountEverestRelief.png?width=200 "relief map]]")
![Rongbuk]] in Tibet](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mount Everest North Face.jpg?width=200 "Rongbuk]] in Tibet")
![Everest and [[Lhotse]] from the south. In the foreground are [[Thamserku]], [[Kangtega]], and [[Ama Dablam]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mount Everest morning.jpg?width=200 "Everest and [[Lhotse]] from the south. In the foreground are [[Thamserku]], [[Kangtega]], and [[Ama Dablam]].")
![Nepal's Ministry of Tourism]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mount Everest winter 1980 cert.jpg?width=200 "Nepal's Ministry of Tourism]]")
.jpg?width=200 "Mount Everest in the upper left (March 2018)")
![The [[Rongphu Monastery]], with Mount Everest in the background](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rongbuk Monastery Everest.jpg?width=200 "The [[Rongphu Monastery]], with Mount Everest in the background")
.jpg?width=200 "Top down view showing the location of the summit, and its three main faces/sides")
![The Western Cwm ("Coom"), with Everest on the left and [[Lhotse]] to the right](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Western Cwm - 14th May 2011.jpg?width=200 "The Western Cwm (\"Coom\"), with Everest on the left and [[Lhotse]] to the right")
Definition
Wikipedia
Mount Everest (Nepali: सगरमाथा, romanized: Sagarmāthā; Tibetan: Chomolungma ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ; Chinese: 珠穆朗玛峰; pinyin: Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng) is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border runs across its summit point. Its elevation (snow height) of 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in) was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities.
Mount Everest attracts many climbers, including highly experienced mountaineers. There are two main climbing routes, one approaching the summit from the southeast in Nepal (known as the "standard route") and the other from the north in Tibet. While not posing substantial technical climbing challenges on the standard route, Everest presents dangers such as altitude sickness, weather, and wind, as well as hazards from avalanches and the Khumbu Icefall. As of 2019, over 300 people have died on Everest, many of whose bodies remain on the mountain.
The first recorded efforts to reach Everest's summit were made by British mountaineers. As Nepal did not allow foreigners to enter the country at the time, the British made several attempts on the north ridge route from the Tibetan side. After the first reconnaissance expedition by the British in 1921 reached 7,000 m (22,970 ft) on the North Col, the 1922 expedition pushed the north ridge route up to 8,320 m (27,300 ft), marking the first time a human had climbed above 8,000 m (26,247 ft). The 1924 expedition resulted in one of the greatest mysteries on Everest to this day: George Mallory and Andrew Irvine made a final summit attempt on 8 June but never returned, sparking debate as to whether they were the first to reach the top. Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary made the first documented ascent of Everest in 1953, using the southeast ridge route. Norgay had reached 8,595 m (28,199 ft) the previous year as a member of the 1952 Swiss expedition. The Chinese mountaineering team of Wang Fuzhou, Gonpo, and Qu Yinhua made the first reported ascent of the peak from the north ridge on 25 May 1960.
