Pluton - translation to English
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Pluton - translation to English

BODY OF INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK THAT FORMS BY CRYSTALLIZATION OF MAGMA SLOWLY COOLING BELOW THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH
Intrusion (geology); Plutons; Pluton (geology); Pluton; Igneous Intrusion; Intrusion; Stitching pluton
  • Sill]], 6. [[Volcanic neck]], pipe, 7. [[Lopolith]].
  • A [[Jurassic]] pluton of pink [[monzonite]] intruded below a section of gray [[sedimentary rocks]] which was subsequently uplifted and exposed, near [[Notch Peak]], [[House Range]], [[Utah]].
  • Thermal profiles at different times after intrusion, illustrating square root law
  • Plana]] [[diorite]] domed mountains and later uplifted

Pluton         
n. Pluto, ninth planet in the solar system
pluton      
n. Pluto, ninth planet in the solar system
plutonien      
plutonic, of the planet Pluto; of a geologic layer deep below the Earth's surface

Definition

pluton
['plu:t(?)n]
¦ noun Geology a body of intrusive igneous rock.
Origin
1930s: back-form. from plutonic.

Wikipedia

Igneous intrusion

In geology, an igneous intrusion (or intrusive body or simply intrusion) is a body of intrusive igneous rock that forms by crystallization of magma slowly cooling below the surface of the Earth. Intrusions have a wide variety of forms and compositions, illustrated by examples like the Palisades Sill of New York and New Jersey; the Henry Mountains of Utah; the Bushveld Igneous Complex of South Africa; Shiprock in New Mexico; the Ardnamurchan intrusion in Scotland; and the Sierra Nevada Batholith of California.

Because the solid country rock into which magma intrudes is an excellent insulator, cooling of the magma is extremely slow, and intrusive igneous rock is coarse-grained (phaneritic). Intrusive igneous rocks are classified separately from extrusive igneous rocks, generally on the basis of their mineral content. The relative amounts of quartz, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, and feldspathoid is particularly important in classifying intrusive igneous rocks.

Intrusions must displace existing country rock to make room for themselves. The question of how this takes place is called the room problem, and it remains a subject of active investigation for many kinds of intrusions.

The term pluton is poorly defined, but has been used to describe an intrusion emplaced at great depth; as a synonym for all igneous intrusions; as a dustbin category for intrusions whose size or character are not well determined; or as a name for a very large intrusion or for a crystallized magma chamber. A pluton that has intruded and obscured the contact between a terrane and adjacent rock is called a stitching pluton.

Examples of use of Pluton
1. Il faut marcher une heure et demi avant d‘atteindre Pluton.
2. Pluton intrigue encore davantage par une autre de ses caractéristiques: son atmosph';re, constituée aussi d‘azote.
3. L‘axe de rotation de Pluton est fortement incliné sur le plan orbital.
4. Ce n‘est que tardivement que Pluton fut considéré comme bienfaisant et dispensateur de richesses.
5. Certains astrophysiciens estiment qu‘il faudrait en extraire Pluton pour le ranger dans la ceinture de Kuiper.