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Monochromacy (from Greek mono, meaning "one" and chromo, meaning "color") is the ability of organisms or machines to perceive only light intensity, without respect to spectral composition (color). Organisms with monochromacy are called monochromats.
Many mammals, such as cetaceans, the owl monkey and the Australian sea lion (pictured at right) are monochromats.
In humans, absence of color vision is one among several other symptoms of severe inherited or acquired diseases, including achromatopsia or blue cone monochromacy, together affecting about 1 in 30,000 people. The affected can distinguish light, dark, and shades of gray but not color.