Sophie Freiin von Buxhoeveden (Russian: София Карловна Буксгевден, tr. Sofiya Karlovna Buksgevden; September 6, 1883 – November 26, 1956), also known as Baroness Sophie Buxdoeveden, was a Baltic German Lady-in-waiting, in service to Tsarina Alexandra of Russia. She was the author of three memoirs about the imperial family and about her own escape from Russia.

In her book Before the Storm, Sophie describes a side of old Russia seldom seen elsewhere, a family in the old-fashioned provincial country life of the gentry in the years before the revolution. As a child, Sophie shared picnics and mushroom hunts with other famous players in the story such as Anna Vyrubova, Felix Yussupov, Dmitri Pavlovich and the sons of poet Konstantin Romanov.