Translation and analysis of words by ChatGPT artificial intelligence
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рентгеновский - translation to English
X-ray, Roentgen
X-rays
![photoabsorption]], as well as a leveling off at higher photon energies due to [[Compton scattering]]. The attenuation length is about four orders of magnitude longer for hard X-rays (right half) compared to soft X-rays (left half).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Attenuation.svg?width=200 "photoabsorption]], as well as a leveling off at higher photon energies due to [[Compton scattering]]. The attenuation length is about four orders of magnitude longer for hard X-rays (right half) compared to soft X-rays (left half).")
![Abdominal radiograph]] of a pregnant woman, a procedure that should be performed only after proper assessment of benefit versus risk](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/BabyXray.png?width=200 "Abdominal radiograph]] of a pregnant woman, a procedure that should be performed only after proper assessment of benefit versus risk")
![CT scan]] ([[transverse plane]]) slice – a modern application of [[medical radiography]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brain CT scan.jpg?width=200 "CT scan]] ([[transverse plane]]) slice – a modern application of [[medical radiography]]")
![Example of a [[Crookes tube]], a type of [[discharge tube]] that emitted X-rays](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crookes' type discharge tubes Wellcome M0015832EA.jpg?width=200 "Example of a [[Crookes tube]], a type of [[discharge tube]] that emitted X-rays")
![Taking an X-ray image with early [[Crookes tube]] apparatus, late 1800s. The Crookes tube is visible in center. The standing man is viewing his hand with a [[fluoroscope]] screen. The seated man is taking a [[radiograph]] of his hand by placing it on a [[photographic plate]]. No precautions against radiation exposure are taken; its hazards were not known at the time.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crookes tube xray experiment.jpg?width=200 "Taking an X-ray image with early [[Crookes tube]] apparatus, late 1800s. The Crookes tube is visible in center. The standing man is viewing his hand with a [[fluoroscope]] screen. The seated man is taking a [[radiograph]] of his hand by placing it on a [[photographic plate]]. No precautions against radiation exposure are taken; its hazards were not known at the time.")
![radiation exposure]] during the X-ray procedure would be negligible.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Historical X-ray nci-vol-1893-300.jpg?width=200 "radiation exposure]] during the X-ray procedure would be negligible.")
![Images by James Green, from "Sciagraphs of British Batrachians and Reptiles" (1897), featuring (from left) ''Rana esculenta'' (now ''[[Pelophylax lessonae]]''), ''Lacerta vivipara'' (now ''[[Zootoca vivipara]]''), and ''[[Lacerta agilis]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James Green & James H. Gardiner - Sciagraphs of British Batrachians and Reptiles - 1897 - Ycba f6c56349-13da-4efc-a671-e40af53b0823.jpg?width=200 "Images by James Green, from \"Sciagraphs of British Batrachians and Reptiles\" (1897), featuring (from left) ''Rana esculenta'' (now ''[[Pelophylax lessonae]]''), ''Lacerta vivipara'' (now ''[[Zootoca vivipara]]''), and ''[[Lacerta agilis]]''")
![A [[chest radiograph]] of a female patient, demonstrating a [[hiatal hernia]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Radiografía pulmones Francisca Lorca.cropped.jpg?width=200 "A [[chest radiograph]] of a female patient, demonstrating a [[hiatal hernia]]")
![characteristic K lines]] for rhodium atoms.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/TubeSpectrum.jpg?width=200 "characteristic K lines]] for rhodium atoms.")
![[[Wilhelm Röntgen]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WilhelmRöntgen.JPG?width=200 "[[Wilhelm Röntgen]]")
![X-ray fine art photography of [[needlefish]] by [[Peter Dazeley]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/X-RayOfNeedlefish-1.jpg?width=200 "X-ray fine art photography of [[needlefish]] by [[Peter Dazeley]]")
![1896 plaque published in ''"Nouvelle Iconographie de la Salpetrière"'', a medical journal. In the left a hand deformity, in the right same hand seen using [[radiography]]. The authors named the technique Röntgen photography.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/X-ray 1896 nouvelle iconographie de salpetriere.jpg?width=200 "1896 plaque published in ''\"Nouvelle Iconographie de la Salpetrière\"'', a medical journal. In the left a hand deformity, in the right same hand seen using [[radiography]]. The authors named the technique Röntgen photography.")
![UV light]]. Different applications use different parts of the X-ray spectrum.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/X-ray applications.svg?width=200 "UV light]]. Different applications use different parts of the X-ray spectrum.")
общая лексика
рентгеновские лучи
медицина
рентгеновское излучение
Definition
Wikipedia
Дифрактометр — измерительный прибор для измерения интенсивности и направления излучения, дифрагированного на кристаллическом объекте.
Применяется для решения различных задач структурного анализа.
Рентгеновский дифрактометр — это прибор для одновременной регистрации интенсивности и направления (угла рассеяния) дифрагированных рентгеновских лучей на кристаллической решётке образца. Рентгеновский дифрактометр состоит из источника рентгеновского излучения, рентгеновского гониометра, в который помещают исследуемый образец, детектора излучения и электронного измерительно-регистрирующего устройства. Детектором излучения служит счётчик квантов (ионизационная камера, пропорциональные счётчики и сцинтилляционные счётчики). На счётчик выводится последовательно каждый дифракционный луч, что достигается перемещением счётчика вокруг образца в процессе измерения. Рентгеновский дифрактометр позволяет измерять интенсивности дифрагированного в заданном направлении рентгеновского пучка и углы дифракции 2θ.
Наиболее совершенными являются рентгеновские дифрактометры, обладающие широким диапазоном одновременной регистрации дифракционной картины (не менее 43°).
