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POGO Polar Orbiting Geophysical Observatory - translation to English
![The Magnetic Pavilion, 1900](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/"The Magnetic Pavilion" - Royal Observatory Greenwich ca 1900 (7890151714).jpg?width=200 "The Magnetic Pavilion, 1900")
![Dome of the [[Greenwich 28 inch refractor]] telescope and tree](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/28-inch telescope, Royal Observatory and tree, Greenwich, London, UK, 2015.jpg?width=200 "Dome of the [[Greenwich 28 inch refractor]] telescope and tree")
![The Airy [[Transit Circle]], used for over a century (1851–1953) as the reference point when charting the heavens and determining times, thus earning for it the epithet "the centre of time and space"](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Airys Transit Circle.jpg?width=200 "The Airy [[Transit Circle]], used for over a century (1851–1953) as the reference point when charting the heavens and determining times, thus earning for it the epithet \"the centre of time and space\"")
![[[Shepherd Gate Clock]] at Royal Greenwich Observatory](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Greenwich clock 1-manipulated.jpg?width=200 "[[Shepherd Gate Clock]] at Royal Greenwich Observatory")
![Laser projected from the observatory marking the [[Prime Meridian]] line](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Greenwich observatory laser.jpg?width=200 "Laser projected from the observatory marking the [[Prime Meridian]] line")
![Aerial view of the Royal Greenwich Observatory, [[Herstmonceux]] site in [[East Sussex]]; the dome that formerly housed the [[Isaac Newton Telescope]] is the single dome to the right. The telescope was moved to [[La Palma]] in the [[Canary Isles]] in 1979.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Herstmonceux Observatory aerial view.jpg?width=200 "Aerial view of the Royal Greenwich Observatory, [[Herstmonceux]] site in [[East Sussex]]; the dome that formerly housed the [[Isaac Newton Telescope]] is the single dome to the right. The telescope was moved to [[La Palma]] in the [[Canary Isles]] in 1979.")
![southern celestial hemisphere]], ca. 1730](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Illustration of Greenwich Observatory by Johann Doppelmayr.jpg?width=200 "southern celestial hemisphere]], ca. 1730")
![chronometers]] of ships on the [[River Thames]] below, prior to sailing. The observatory would first determine the time by stellar observations.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/London, Greenwich, Royal Greenwich Observatory -- 2016 -- 4695.jpg?width=200 "chronometers]] of ships on the [[River Thames]] below, prior to sailing. The observatory would first determine the time by stellar observations.")
![Greenwich Prime Meridian]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prime meridian 001.jpg?width=200 "Greenwich Prime Meridian]]")
![Former Royal Greenwich Observatory, [[Herstmonceux]], East Sussex](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Royal Greenwich Observatory, Herstmonceux - April 2012.jpg?width=200 "Former Royal Greenwich Observatory, [[Herstmonceux]], East Sussex")
![The [[Queen's House]] (centre left) at Greenwich, with the Royal Observatory on the skyline behind, in 2017.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Royal Greenwich Observatory and Greenwich Park.jpg?width=200 "The [[Queen's House]] (centre left) at Greenwich, with the Royal Observatory on the skyline behind, in 2017.")
![Quebec]] in 1759, and was buried in [[St Alfege Church, Greenwich]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Royal Observatory Greenwich London.jpg?width=200 "Quebec]] in 1759, and was buried in [[St Alfege Church, Greenwich]].")
![Dome of the Great Equatorial Building overlooking [[Greenwich Park]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Greenwich Observatory - geograph.org.uk - 1350541.jpg?width=200 "Dome of the Great Equatorial Building overlooking [[Greenwich Park]]")
[,rɔɪtl'grɪnɪdʒəb,zə:vətrɪ]
общая лексика
Гринвичская астрономическая обсерватория (ведущая астрономическая обсерватория. Основана в 1675 в пригороде Лондона Гринвиче [Greenwich]; в 1958 переведена в замок Херстмонсо [Herstmonceux Castle], графство Суссекс, а в 1990 в Кембридж [Cambridge])
существительное
общая лексика
полярная орбитальная геофизическая обсерватория
синоним
Definition
Wikipedia
The National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) was to be the United States' next-generation satellite system that would monitor the Earth's weather, atmosphere, oceans, land, and near-space environment. NPOESS satellites were to host proven technologies and operational versions of sensors that were under operational-prototyping by NASA, at that time. The estimated launch date for the first NPOESS satellite, "C1" or "Charlie 1" was around 2013. Issues with sensor developments were the primary cited reason for delays and cost-overruns.
NPOESS was a tri-agency program led by an Integrated Program Office (IPO) containing staff from the US Department of Defense, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and NASA. NPOESS was to be operated by the NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) / NPOESS Program Executive Office Flight Operations at the NOAA Satellite Operations Facility (NSOF) in Suitland, MD. TRW, later Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems (NGAS) after TRW was acquired by Northrop Grumman, was the primary system integrator for the NPOESS project. Raytheon, Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. and Boeing were developing the sensors.
The NPOESS satellites were intended to be a replacement for both the United States Department of Defense's Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and the NOAA Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) series. The NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) was planned as a pathfinder mission for NPOESS. The project had to go through three Nunn-McCurdy reviews, Congressional hearings that are automatically triggered when a program goes over budget by more than 25%. Suomi NPP was launched five years behind schedule, on October 28, 2011.
The White House announced on February 1, 2010, that the NPOESS satellite partnership was to be dissolved, and that two separate lines of polar-orbiting satellites to serve military and civilian users would be pursued instead:
- The NOAA/NASA portion is called the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS). The first satellite in the program – originally called JPSS-1, but now known as NOAA-20 – was constructed by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., under a fixed price contract of $248 million with a performance period through Feb. 1, 2015. The common ground system was constructed by Raytheon. NOAA-20 launched on November 18, 2017.
- The Defense Department's portion was called the Defense Weather Satellite System (DWSS). In January 2012, the US Air Force cancelled the program.
