azygoid - translation to russian
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azygoid - translation to russian

NUMBER OF SETS OF CHROMOSOMES IN A CELL
Diploidy; Haploidy; Haploid; Diploid; Monoploid; Euploid; Euploidy; Monoploidy; Ploid; -ploid; -ploidy; Monoploid number; Euploid number; Uniploid; Uniploidy; Duploid; Duploidy; Haploid cell; Ploidies; Haploid number; Haploid Cell; Ploidity; Mixoploidy; Dihaploid; Dipliod cell; Diploids; Chromosome number; Diploid number; Diploid cell; Azygoid; Haploid cells; Homoploid; Zygoid; Diploid chromosome number; Chromosome numbers; Ampliploid; Zygotic number; Homoploid hybridization; Monoploids; Haploids; Haploploidy; Chromosome complement; Haploid complement; Diploid complement; Monoploid complement; Diploid cells; Diplochromosome; Diplontic
  • A comparison of [[sexual reproduction]] in predominantly haploid organisms and predominantly diploid organisms.<br /><br />'''1)''' A haploid organism is on the left and a diploid organism is on the right.<br />'''2 and 3)''' Haploid egg and sperm carrying the dominant purple gene and the recessive blue gene, respectively. These gametes are produced by simple mitosis of cells in the germ line.<br />'''4 and 5)''' Haploid sperm and egg carrying the recessive blue gene and the dominant purple gene, respectively. These gametes are produced by meiosis, which halves the number of chromosomes in the diploid germ cells.<br />'''6)''' The short-lived diploid state of haploid organisms, a zygote generated by the union of two haploid gametes during sex.<br />'''7)''' The diploid zygote which has just been fertilized by the union of haploid egg and sperm during sex.<br />'''8)''' Cells of the diploid structure quickly undergo meiosis to produce spores containing the meiotically halved number of chromosomes, restoring haploidy. These spores express either the mother's dominant gene or the father's recessive gene and proceed by mitotic division to build a new entirely haploid organism.<br />'''9)''' The diploid zygote proceeds by mitotic division to build a new entirely diploid organism. These cells possess both the purple and blue genes, but only the purple gene is expressed since it is dominant over the recessive blue gene.
  • author-link=Daniel Hartl}}</ref>
  • Karyotype}}

azygoid         

общая лексика

незиготический

diploid number         

общая лексика

диплоидное число (хромосом)

haploid         

['hæplɔid]

общая лексика

гаплоид

гаплоидный

прилагательное

биология

гаплоидный

существительное

['hæplɔid]

биология

гаплоид (организм или клетка с одинарным набором хромосом)

Definition

-ploid
¦ combining form Biology denoting the number of sets of chromosomes in a cell: triploid.
Origin
based on (ha)ploid and (di)ploid.

Wikipedia

Ploidy

Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Sets of chromosomes refer to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively, in each homologous chromosome pair, which chromosomes naturally exist as. Somatic cells, tissues, and individual organisms can be described according to the number of sets of chromosomes present (the "ploidy level"): monoploid (1 set), diploid (2 sets), triploid (3 sets), tetraploid (4 sets), pentaploid (5 sets), hexaploid (6 sets), heptaploid or septaploid (7 sets), etc. The generic term polyploid is often used to describe cells with three or more chromosome sets.

Virtually all sexually reproducing organisms are made up of somatic cells that are diploid or greater, but ploidy level may vary widely between different organisms, between different tissues within the same organism, and at different stages in an organism's life cycle. Half of all known plant genera contain polyploid species, and about two-thirds of all grasses are polyploid. Many animals are uniformly diploid, though polyploidy is common in invertebrates, reptiles, and amphibians. In some species, ploidy varies between individuals of the same species (as in the social insects), and in others entire tissues and organ systems may be polyploid despite the rest of the body being diploid (as in the mammalian liver). For many organisms, especially plants and fungi, changes in ploidy level between generations are major drivers of speciation. In mammals and birds, ploidy changes are typically fatal. There is, however, evidence of polyploidy in organisms now considered to be diploid, suggesting that polyploidy has contributed to evolutionary diversification in plants and animals through successive rounds of polyploidization and rediploidization.

Humans are diploid organisms, normally carrying two complete sets of chromosomes in their somatic cells: two copies of paternal and maternal chromosomes, respectively, in each of the 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes that humans normally have. This results in two homologous pairs within each of the 23 homologous pairs, providing a full complement of 46 chromosomes. This total number of individual chromosomes (counting all complete sets) is called the chromosome number or chromosome complement. The number of chromosomes found in a single complete set of chromosomes is called the monoploid number (x). The haploid number (n) refers to the total number of chromosomes found in a gamete (a sperm or egg cell produced by meiosis in preparation for sexual reproduction). Under normal conditions, the haploid number is exactly half the total number of chromosomes present in the organism's somatic cells, with one paternal and maternal copy in each chromosome pair. For diploid organisms, the monoploid number and haploid number are equal; in humans, both are equal to 23. When a human germ cell undergoes meiosis, the diploid 46 chromosome complement is split in half to form haploid gametes. After fusion of a male and a female gamete (each containing 1 set of 23 chromosomes) during fertilization, the resulting zygote again has the full complement of 46 chromosomes: 2 sets of 23 chromosomes. Euploidy and aneuploidy describe having a number of chromosomes that is an exact multiple of the number of chromosomes in a normal gamete; and having any other number, respectively. For example, a person with Turner syndrome may be missing one sex chromosome (X or Y), resulting in a (45,X) karyotype instead of the usual (46,XX) or (46,XY). This is a type of aneuploidy and cells from the person may be said to be aneuploid with a (diploid) chromosome complement of 45.

What is the Russian for azygoid? Translation of &#39azygoid&#39 to Russian