active immunity (english) - meaning, definition, translation, pronunciation

Part of Speech

Noun Phrase

Phonetic Transcription

/ˈæktɪv ɪˈmjunɪti/

Meaning and Usage

Active immunity refers to the type of immunity that develops as a result of natural infection or immunization, where the organism's immune system produces specific antibodies in response to pathogens. This form of immunity can occur through exposure to the disease-causing agents or through vaccinations that stimulate the immune response.

In the English language, "active immunity" is often used in discussions related to immunology, public health, and medical fields. It is relatively more frequent in written contexts, like academic papers, medical journals, and health guidelines, but it can also be used in conversations about vaccines or immune health.

Example Sentences

1. Active immunity can be developed through vaccination, which prepares the body to fight off infections.
   (Активный иммунитет можно развить с помощью вакцинации, которая подготавливает организм к борьбе с инфекциями.)

2. Children are typically given vaccines to ensure they achieve active immunity against various diseases.
   (Детям обычно делают прививки, чтобы гарантировать активный иммунитет против различных болезней.)

3. Natural active immunity can result from an individual recovering from an illness, as their immune system learns to recognize and combat the pathogen.
   (Естественный активный иммунитет может возникнуть после того, как человек выздоровеет от болезни, поскольку его иммунная система учится распознавать и бороться с патогеном.)

Idiomatic Expressions

The term "active immunity" itself is not commonly found in idiomatic expressions. However, the concept of immunity can relate to several idiomatic phrases about health and protection:

1. "To build up immunity"
   (Создать иммунитет)

2. It's important for children to build up immunity through vaccination.
   (Важно, чтобы дети создавали иммунитет через вакцинацию.)

3. "A shot in the arm"
   (Поддержка, содействие)

4. The new vaccine was a shot in the arm for public health initiatives promoting active immunity.
   (Новая вакцина стала поддержкой для инициатив общественного здоровья, способствующих активному иммунитету.)

5. "To catch something"
   (Подхватить что-то, заболеть)

6. People are less likely to catch something when they have active immunity from previous infections.
   (Люди реже подхватывают болезни, когда у них есть активный иммунитет от предыдущих инфекций.)

7. "Take one's chances"
   (Рисковать, пробовать)

8. Without proper vaccination, you’re really taking your chances with your health and active immunity.
   (Не имея правильной вакцинации, вы действительно рискуете своим здоровьем и активным иммунитетом.)

Etymology

The term "active" originates from the Latin word "activus," meaning "doing," "busy," or "practical." "Immunity" comes from the Latin "immunitas," which means "exemption," and derives from "immunis," meaning "free from duty or burden." In the context of biology, the term began to be used in the late 19th century as understandings of the immune system developed.

Synonyms and Antonyms

Synonyms: - Acquired immunity - Induced immunity

Antonyms: - Passive immunity (immunity acquired through the transfer of antibodies)