Noun
/ˌɔːtəˈfæɡəˌsoʊm/
An autophagosome is a type of vesicle that forms in cells as part of the autophagy process, where cellular components are degraded and recycled. The autophagosome surrounds damaged organelles and proteins and then merges with lysosomes to degrade these materials. This process is crucial for cellular homeostasis, especially under stress conditions such as nutrient starvation or oxidative stress.
In terms of frequency of use, the term "autophagosome" is predominantly utilized in written scientific literature and discussions related to cell biology, biochemistry, and medical research. It is less commonly encountered in everyday oral speech.
Autophagosome formation is essential for maintaining cellular health.
Формирование аутофагосом является необходимым для поддержания клеточного здоровья.
The study revealed that the increase in autophagosome numbers correlates with improved cell survival under stress.
Исследование показало, что увеличение числа аутофагосом коррелирует с улучшением выживаемости клеток при стрессе.
Researchers are investigating the role of autophagosomes in neurodegenerative diseases.
Исследователи изучают роль аутофагосом в нейродегенеративных заболеваниях.
While "autophagosome" is a technical term that does not commonly appear in idiomatic expressions, it is often discussed in biological contexts that include technical jargon. Here, however, are a few sentences illustrating phrases related to cellular processes that involve digestion, recycling, and maintenance:
"The body's white blood cells eat their enemies alive, much like an autophagosome engulfs damaged parts."
Белые кровяные клетки организма поедают своих врагов, как аутофагосома поглощает поврежденные части.
"In cellular metabolism, it's crucial to recycle components just as an autophagosome does to remove waste."
В клеточном метаболизме важно перерабатывать компоненты, так же как аутофагосома устраняет отходы.
"When cells face stress, they may enter a 'self-eat' mode, similar to how an autophagosome operates."
Когда клетки сталкиваются со стрессом, они могут входить в режим 'самопоедания', подобно тому, как это делает аутофагосома.
The term "autophagosome" is derived from the combination of "auto-" meaning "self" and "phagosome," where "phago-" comes from the Greek word "phagein," meaning "to eat." The suffix "-some" refers to a body or unit, thus it literally means "self-eating body."
Synonyms:
- Autophagic vacuole
- Autophagic body
Antonyms:
- None specifically applicable; the term is highly specialized within its context. However, in a broader sense, terms like "non-autophagic structures" could be considered oppositional in function.