An electron donor is a term used primarily in chemistry and biochemistry to refer to a molecule or ion that donates an electron to another molecule, ion, or atom in a chemical reaction. This process is crucial in various metabolic pathways, including cellular respiration and photosynthesis, where electron donors play a vital role in energy transfer.
The term "electron donor" is more frequently used in written contexts, such as scientific literature, textbooks, and academic papers. It is less common in everyday conversation but essential for discussions around topics in chemistry and biochemistry.
В данном реакционном процессе редокс электронный донор эффективно увеличивает энергетический выход.
Certain compounds can act as an electron donor, facilitating the transfer of electrons during metabolic processes.
Некоторые соединения могут действовать как электронные доноры, облегчая перенос электронов во время метаболических процессов.
Researchers are studying new materials that function as efficient electron donors in photovoltaic cells.
While "electron donor" does not have widely recognized idiomatic expressions associated with it due to its specific scientific context, some related terms in the field of chemistry may be expressed idiomatically. Here are some relevant idiomatic expressions:
В процессе фотосинтеза растения «жертвуют электроны», чтобы превратить углекислый газ в глюкозу.
Electron transfer: This term refers to the movement of electrons from an electron donor to an acceptor.
«Передача электронов» играет важную роль в клеточном дыхании для производства энергии.
Oxidation-reduction reaction: A chemical reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between two species, where one species is oxidized (loses electrons) and another is reduced (gains electrons).
The term "electron" comes from the Greek word "ēlektron," which means amber, as early scientists discovered electricity by rubbing amber. The term "donor" derives from the Latin "donare," meaning "to give." Together, "electron donor" thus signifies a substance that gives away electrons in various chemical reactions.