Principal Stress

Part of Speech

Noun

Phonetic Transcription

/pˈrɪnsəpəl strɛs/

Meaning and Usage

In the context of engineering and physics, particularly in the field of mechanics, "principal stress" refers to the maximum and minimum normal stresses at a given point in a stressed body. Principal stress occurs at a specific orientation in which the shear stress components are zero. It is crucial in designing structures, understanding material failure, and analyzing stress in materials.

Frequency of Use

The term "principal stress" is commonly used in engineering and scientific literature, making it more prevalent in written contexts than day-to-day spoken conversations. It is often found in textbooks, research papers, and professional discussions regarding material science and structural engineering.

Example Sentences

1. The engineer determined the principal stress in the beam after calculating the loads it would bear.

2. Инженер определил главную напряженность в балке после расчета нагрузок, которые она должна нести.

3. Understanding the principal stress is essential for ensuring the safety of structural designs.

4. Понимание главной напряженности имеет решающее значение для обеспечения безопасности проектирования конструкций.

5. The principal stress analysis revealed areas that were at risk of failure under extreme conditions.

6. Анализ главной напряженности выявил области, которые были под угрозой разрушения в экстремальных условиях.

Idiomatic Expressions

While "principal stress" is not typically found within idiomatic expressions, it constitutes a fundamental concept within structural and materials engineering discourse. However, several related terms may incorporate "stress" and reflect stress-related contexts:

Example Sentences with Related Idiomatic Expressions

1. Under stress, the material showed signs of yielding before reaching its principal stress.

2. Под воздействием напряжения материал показал признаки текучести, прежде чем достиг своей главной напряженности.

3. The team worked under great stress to ensure the safety of the new bridge design.

4. Команда работала под большим давлением, чтобы гарантировать безопасность нового проектирования моста.

5. It's important to avoid stress fractures by ensuring that the principal stress does not exceed material limits.

6. Важно избегать стрессовых трещин, гарантируя, что главная напряженность не превышает пределы материала.

Etymology

The term "principal" originates from the Latin word "principalis," meaning "of importance" or "primary." The word "stress" comes from the Old French "estresse," meaning "narrowness, hardship," derived from the Latin "stringere," meaning "to draw tight." Together, "principal stress" conveys the idea of the most significant forces acting on a material.

Synonyms and Antonyms

Synonyms

• Maximum stress
• Minimum stress
• Normal stress

Antonyms

• Shear stress
• Zero stress

Feel free to ask if you need further information or additional examples!