ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) - traducción al Inglés
![[[Internetworking]] demonstration, linking the ARPANET, [[PRNET]], and [[SATNET]] in 1977](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/First Internet Demonstration, 1977.jpg?width=200 "[[Internetworking]] demonstration, linking the ARPANET, [[PRNET]], and [[SATNET]] in 1977")
Def: En Internet, precursor de Internet desarrollado al final de los 60 y principios de los 70 por el Departamento de Defensa estadounidense.
Ex: ARPANet is the precursor to the Internet, developed in the late 60's and early 70's by the US Department of Defense.
Ex: It is quite common for document titles to provide an indication of the level of presentation of their subject in the use of such terms as "Introduction", "Primer", "Popular", "advanced".
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* advanced degree = título superior
* advanced economy = economía avanzada, país desarrollado
* advanced level = nivel avanzado
* advanced search = búsqueda avanzada
* advanced society = sociedad avanzada
* ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) = ARPANet (Red de la Agencia para Proyectos de Investigación Avanzada)
* well-advanced = muy avanzado
Ex: It is often not clear which agency can best provide for the needs of a client = Con frecuencia no está claro qué organismo puede satisfacer mejor las necesidades de un cliente.
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* abstracting agency = agencia de resúmenes
* accrediting agency = agencia de homologación
* advertising agency = agencia de publicidad
* agency-specific = específico de una agencia
* agency-wide = todos los miembros de la agencia
* aid agency = organización benéfica, fundación benéfica
* ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) = ARPANet (Red de la Agencia para Proyectos de Investigación Avanzada)
* bibliographical agency = agencia bibliográfica
* cataloguing agency = agencia de catalogación
* CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) = CIA (Agencia Central de Inteligencia)
* commercial agency = agencia comercial, empresa comercial
* communications agency = agencia de comunicaciones
* copyright collecting agency = sociedad de gestión de derechos de autor
* customs and excise agency = servicio de aduanas
* debt collection agency = empresa de cobro de deudas
* detective agency = agencia de detectives
* donor agency = fundación benéfica
* Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) = Agencia de Protección del Medio Ambiente (EPA)
* executive agency = consejería
* federal agency = agencia federal
* funding agency = patrocinador, agencia patrocinadora
* governing agency = institución responsable
* government agency = agencia gubernamental
* indexing agency = agencia de indización
* information agency = centro de información, agencia de información
* intelligence agency = servicio de inteligencia
* interagency [inter-agency] = entre instituciones
* international agency = agencia internacional
* local agency = agencia nacional, agencia local
* national bibliographic agency = agencia nacional bibliográfica
* news agency = agencia de noticias
* newspaper agency = agencia de noticias
* polling agency = empresa dedicada a los sondeos de opinión
* promoting agency = entidad promotora
* public sector agency = delegación de organismo público
* service agency = empresa de servicios, agencia de servicios
* sister agency = agencia afiliada
* social agency = organismo social, institución social
* sponsoring agency = agencia patrocinadora
* statistical agency = agencia estadística, agencia de estadística
* subscription agency = agencia de suscripciones
* teaching agency = institución educativa
* through the agency of = a través de, mediante, por medio de, por
* travel agency = agencia de viajes
* voluntary agency = organización de voluntariado
* volunteer agency = institución voluntaria
Definición
Wikipedia
The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first networks to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite. Both technologies became the technical foundation of the Internet. The ARPANET was established by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense.
Building on the ideas of J. C. R. Licklider, Bob Taylor initiated the ARPANET project in 1966 to enable resource sharing between remote computers. Taylor appointed Larry Roberts as program manager. Roberts made the key decisions about the network design. He incorporated Donald Davies' concepts and designs for packet switching, and sought input from Paul Baran. ARPA awarded the contract to build the network to Bolt Beranek & Newman who developed the first protocol for the network. Roberts engaged Leonard Kleinrock at UCLA to develop mathematical methods for analyzing the packet network technology.
The first computers were connected in 1969 and the Network Control Protocol was implemented in 1970. The network was declared operational in 1971. Further software development enabled remote login, file transfer and email. The network expanded rapidly and operational control passed to the Defense Communications Agency in 1975.
Internetworking research in the early 1970s led by Bob Kahn at DARPA and Vint Cerf at Stanford University and later DARPA formulated the Transmission Control Program, which incorporated concepts from the French CYCLADES project. As this work progressed, a protocol was developed by which multiple separate networks could be joined into a network of networks. Version 4 of TCP/IP was installed in the ARPANET for production use in January 1983 after the Department of Defense made it standard for all military computer networking.
Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981, when the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded the Computer Science Network (CSNET). In the early 1980s, the NSF funded the establishment of national supercomputing centers at several universities, and provided network access and network interconnectivity with the NSFNET project in 1986. The ARPANET was formally decommissioned in 1990, after partnerships with the telecommunication and computer industry had assured private sector expansion and future commercialization of an expanded world-wide network, known as the Internet.
