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Qué (quién) es isothermal$41127$ - definición

THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS IN WHICH THE TEMPERATURE REMAINS CONSTANT
Isothermal; Isothermic reaction; Isothermally; Isothermal expansion; Isothermic process; Isothermic
  • '''Figure 1.''' Several isotherms of an ideal gas on a p-V diagram, where p for pressure and V the volume.
  • '''Figure 3.''' Isothermal expansion of an ideal gas.  Black line indicates continuously reversible expansion, while the red line indicates stepwise and nearly reversible expansion at each incremental drop in pressure of 0.1 atm of the working gas.
  • work]] for this isothermal change.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification         
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SINGLE TUBE TECHNIQUE FOR THE AMPLIFICATION OF DNA
Loop-mediated isothermal AMPlification; Draft:Transcriptase Loop Amplification
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a single-tube technique for the amplification of DNA and a low-cost alternative to detect certain diseases. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) combines LAMP with a reverse transcription step to allow the detection of RNA.
Isothermal         
·adj Relating to equality of temperature.
II. Isothermal ·adj Having reference to the geographical distribution of temperature, as exhibited by means of isotherms; as, an isothermal line; an isothermal chart.
Isothermal microcalorimetry         
  • Example of a 4 ml ampoule for IMC studies. <br />Fig. 1
  • A plot of IMC data for a generic exothermic rate process in a sealed ampoule in which the process (and thus the heat flow) begins, accelerates, reaches a peak and then subsides. Below the heat flow plot is a plot showing integration of the heat flow data to give accumulated heat vs. time. As illustrated graphically, the lag phase duration and maximum heat generation rate (growth rate) can be calculated from the integrated data (after Howell, et al. 2011. Used with publisher permission).<br />Fig. 2
  • Example of how growth-related heat flow vs. time data from bacteria in culture in a given medium in a sealed ampoule reflect the sequence of metabolic activities taking place. The bacteria move on to consuming less efficient carbon sources as more efficient sources are depleted. Deconvolution of the data yielded the peaks shown which can be assigned to the metabolic modes shown. This sequence for the ''E. coli'' bacteria employed is well known in the field of microbiology (from Braissant et al. 2010 with publisher permission). Fig.6
  • Illustration of how IMC time of detection of the presence of bacteria depends on the initial number of bacteria present (CFU), the sensitivity of the instrument and the level of heat flow above baseline that is selected as indicating bacterial growth. CFU = colony forming unit. (adapted from Braissant et al. 2010 with publisher permission). Fig.7
  • Heat flow vs. time for the treatment of fibroblasts in culture in a stirred stainless steel ampoule. A = introduction of the ampoule into the measurement position, with metabolic heat flow then reaching an equilibrium level. B = injection of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) which produced sharp heat flow peaks related to exothermic diluton of the SDS and lysis of the fibroblasts. After lysis, the heat flow rate returned near zero since fibroblast metabolism had ceased. dQ/dt = the metabolic heat flow of the fibroblasts in culture (from Liu, et al. 2007 with publisher permission). Fig. 5
  • adiabatic calorimetry]] was sensitive enough to capture these data (from Chen et al. 2008 with publisher permission).<br />Fig. 4
MEASURING VERSUS ELAPSED TIME THE NET RATE OF HEAT FLOW
User:DanDaniels/sandbox; Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC)
Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) is a laboratory method for real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of chemical, physical and biological processes. Over a period of hours or days, IMC determines the onset, rate, extent and energetics of such processes for specimens in small ampoules (e.

Wikipedia

Isothermal process

In thermodynamics, an isothermal process is a type of thermodynamic process in which the temperature T of a system remains constant: ΔT = 0. This typically occurs when a system is in contact with an outside thermal reservoir, and a change in the system occurs slowly enough to allow the system to be continuously adjusted to the temperature of the reservoir through heat exchange (see quasi-equilibrium). In contrast, an adiabatic process is where a system exchanges no heat with its surroundings (Q = 0).

Simply, we can say that in an isothermal process

  • T = constant {\displaystyle T={\text{constant}}}
  • Δ T = 0 {\displaystyle \Delta T=0}
  • d T = 0 {\displaystyle dT=0}
  • For ideal gases only, internal energy Δ U = 0 {\displaystyle \Delta U=0}

while in adiabatic processes:

  • Q = 0. {\displaystyle Q=0.}