Pachyrhizus erosus, commonly known as jícama ( or ; Spanish jícama [ˈxikama] (listen); from Nahuatl xīcamatl, [ʃiːˈkamatɬ]) Mexican turnip, is the name of a native Mexican vine, although the name most commonly refers to the plant's edible tuberous root. It is in the pea family. (Fabaceae). Pachyrhizus tuberosus and Pachyrhizus ahipa are the other two cultivated species in the genus. The naming of this group of edible plants can sometimes be confusing, with much overlap of similar or the same common names.

Flowers, either blue or white, and pods similar to peas, are produced on fully developed plants. Several species of jicama occur, but the one found in many markets is P. erosus. The two cultivated forms of P. erosus are jicama de agua and jicama de leche, both named for the consistency of their juice. The leche form has an elongated root and milky juice, while the agua form has a top-shaped to oblate root and a more watery, translucent juice and is the preferred form for the market.