ketonic - significado y definición. Qué es ketonic
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Qué (quién) es ketonic - definición

HUMAN DISEASE
Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma; Nonketotic hyperglycemic coma; Hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome; HNKS; Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Acidosis; Non-ketonic hyperglycemic coma; Non ketonic hyperglycemic coma; Hyperosmotic non-ketotic acidosis; Hyperosmolar nonketotic state; HONKC; HHNKC; Hyperosmolar diabetic coma; Non Ketonic Hyperglycemic coma; Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome; Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome; Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma; Hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma; HHNK; Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma; Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state; Hyperosmolar nonketotic hyperglycemia; Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states; HHNS

Ketonic      
·adj Pertaining to, or derived from, a ketone; as, a ketonic acid.
Ketonic decarboxylation         
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CHEMICAL REACTION WHICH CONVERTS TWO –COOH GROUPS TO >C=O
Ketonization
Ketonic decarboxylation (also known as decarboxylative ketonization) is a type of organic reaction and a decarboxylation converting two equivalents of a carboxylic acid to a symmetric ketone by the application of heat with expulsion of one equivalent of water and one equivalent of carbon dioxide. Bases promote this reaction.
Ketone         
  • The Haller-Bauer reaction occurs between a ''non-enolizable'' ketone and a strong amide base. In this prototypical example involving benzophenone, the tetrahedral intermediate expels phenyl anion to give benzamide and benzene as the organic products
  • metabolism of sugars]]; [[acetylacetone]] in its (mono) enol form (the enol highlighted in blue); [[cyclohexanone]], precursor to [[nylon]]; [[muscone]], an animal scent; and [[tetracycline]], an antibiotic.
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CLASS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS HAVING STRUCTURE RCOR´
Alkanone; Ketones; Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies; Oxy group; Keton; RCOR; Haller-Bauer reaction; Keto group; Ketone group; Keytones; Cyclic ketone; Cyclic ketones; Haller–Bauer reaction; Methyl ketone; Keto-
·noun One of a large class of organic substances resembling the aldehydes, obtained by the distillation of certain salts of organic acids and consisting of carbonyl (CO) united with two hydrocarbon radicals. In general the ketones are colorless volatile liquids having a pungent ethereal odor.

Wikipedia

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is a complication of diabetes mellitus in which high blood sugar results in high osmolarity without significant ketoacidosis. Symptoms include signs of dehydration, weakness, leg cramps, vision problems, and an altered level of consciousness. Onset is typically over days to weeks. Complications may include seizures, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, mesenteric artery occlusion, or rhabdomyolysis.

The main risk factor is a history of diabetes mellitus type 2. Occasionally it may occur in those without a prior history of diabetes or those with diabetes mellitus type 1. Triggers include infections, stroke, trauma, certain medications, and heart attacks. Diagnosis is based on blood tests finding a blood sugar greater than 30 mmol/L (600 mg/dL), osmolarity greater than 320 mOsm/kg, and a pH above 7.3.

Initial treatment generally consists of intravenous fluids to manage dehydration, intravenous insulin in those with significant ketones, low molecular weight heparin to decrease the risk of blood clotting, and antibiotics among those in whom there are concerns of infection. The goal is a slow decline in blood sugar levels. Potassium replacement is often required as the metabolic problems are corrected. Efforts to prevent diabetic foot ulcers are also important. It typically takes a few days for the person to return to baseline.

While the exact frequency of the condition is unknown, it is relatively common. Older people are most commonly affected. The risk of death among those affected is about 15%. It was first described in the 1880s.