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nucleolar associated chromatin - traduction vers arabe
![[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973289/figure/MCSTAYGAD283838F1/ The location of NORs and the nucleolar cycle in human cells.]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ExternalImageImagec.jpg?width=200 "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973289/figure/MCSTAYGAD283838F1/ The location of NORs and the nucleolar cycle in human cells.]")
![The major structures in DNA compaction: [[DNA]], the [[nucleosome]], the 10 nm [[beads on a string]] chromatin fibre and the [[metaphase]] [[chromosome]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chromatin Structures.png?width=200 "The major structures in DNA compaction: [[DNA]], the [[nucleosome]], the 10 nm [[beads on a string]] chromatin fibre and the [[metaphase]] [[chromosome]].")
![[[Karyogram]] of human male using [[Giemsa staining]], showing the classic [[metaphase]] chromatin structure.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/NHGRI human male karyotype.png?width=200 "[[Karyogram]] of human male using [[Giemsa staining]], showing the classic [[metaphase]] chromatin structure.")
Définition
Wikipédia
Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are chromosomal regions crucial for the formation of the nucleolus. In humans, the NORs are located on the short arms of the acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22, the genes RNR1, RNR2, RNR3, RNR4, and RNR5 respectively. These regions code for 5.8S, 18S, and 28S ribosomal RNA. The NORs are "sandwiched" between the repetitive, heterochromatic DNA sequences of the centromeres and telomeres. The exact sequence of these regions is not included in the human reference genome as of 2016 or the GRCh38.p10 released January 6, 2017. On 28 February 2019, GRCh38.p13 was released, which added the NOR sequences for the short arms of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22. However, it is known that NORs contain tandem copies of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes. Some sequences of flanking sequences proximal and distal to NORs have been reported. The NORs of a loris have been reported to be highly variable. There are also DNA sequences related to rDNA that are on other chromosomes and may be involved in nucleoli formation.
