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Qu'est-ce (qui) est DOM-TOM - définition
![overseas countries and territories and outermost regions]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EU OCT and OMR map en.png?width=200 "overseas countries and territories and outermost regions]]")
![In the 1970s, [[Alex Van Halen]] simply removed the bottom heads from his hanging toms to create concert toms](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Van halen drum.jpg?width=200 "In the 1970s, [[Alex Van Halen]] simply removed the bottom heads from his hanging toms to create concert toms")
Wikipédia
The overseas departments and regions of France (French: départements et régions d'outre-mer, pronounced [depaʁtəmɑ̃ e ʁeʒjɔ̃ d‿utʁəmɛʁ]; DROM) are departments of France that are outside metropolitan France, the European part of France. They have exactly the same status as mainland France's regions and departments. The French Constitution provides that, in general, French laws and regulations (France's civil code, penal code, administrative law, social laws, tax laws, etc.) apply to French overseas regions the same as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. Hence, the local administrations of French overseas regions cannot themselves pass new laws.
As integral parts of France and the European Union, overseas departments are represented in the National Assembly, Senate, and Economic and Social Council, vote to elect members of the European Parliament (MEP), and also use the euro as their currency. The overseas departments and regions are not the same as the overseas collectivities, which have a semi-autonomous status.
Each overseas department is the sole department in its own overseas region (French: région d'outre-mer) with powers identical to the regions of metropolitan France. Because of the one-to-one correspondence, informal usage does not distinguish the two, and the French media use the term département d'outre-mer (DOM) almost exclusively.
Since March 2011, the five overseas departments and regions of France are:
- French Guiana in South America;
- Guadeloupe in the Caribbean;
- Martinique in the Caribbean;
- Mayotte in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of East Africa;
- Réunion in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of East Africa.
Guadeloupe and Réunion each have separate departmental and regional councils, while in Mayotte, Guiana and Martinique, the two layers of government are consolidated so one body wields both sets of powers. The overseas departments acquired these additional powers in 1982, when France's decentralisation policy dictated that they be given elected regional councils and other regional powers; however, the term "overseas region" was only introduced with the French constitutional amendment of 28 March 2003.
