Traduction et analyse des mots par intelligence artificielle
Sur cette page, vous pouvez obtenir une analyse détaillée d'un mot ou d'une phrase, réalisée à l'aide de la meilleure technologie d'intelligence artificielle à ce jour:
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Qu'est-ce (qui) est quasileft-continuous martingale - définition
![The graph of a [[cubic function]] has no jumps or holes. The function is continuous.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brent method example.svg?width=200 "The graph of a [[cubic function]] has no jumps or holes. The function is continuous.")
![section 2.1.3]]).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Discontinuity of the sign function at 0.svg?width=200 "section 2.1.3]]).")
![Riemann sphere]] is often used as a model to study functions like the example.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Function-1 x.svg?width=200 "Riemann sphere]] is often used as a model to study functions like the example.")
![The graph of a continuous [[rational function]]. The function is not defined for <math>x = -2.</math> The vertical and horizontal lines are [[asymptote]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Homografia.svg?width=200 "The graph of a continuous [[rational function]]. The function is not defined for <math>x = -2.</math> The vertical and horizontal lines are [[asymptote]]s.")
![oscillation]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rapid Oscillation.svg?width=200 "oscillation]].")
.svg?width=200 "Point plot of Thomae's function on the interval (0,1). The topmost point in the middle shows f(1/2) = 1/2.")
Wikipédia
A martingale is a class of betting strategies that originated from and were popular in 18th-century France. The simplest of these strategies was designed for a game in which the gambler wins the stake if a coin comes up heads and loses if it comes up tails. The strategy had the gambler double the bet after every loss, so that the first win would recover all previous losses plus win a profit equal to the original stake. Thus the strategy is an instantiation of the St. Petersburg paradox.
Since a gambler will almost surely eventually flip heads, the martingale betting strategy is certain to make money for the gambler provided they have infinite wealth and there is no limit on money earned in a single bet. However, no gambler has infinite wealth, and the exponential growth of the bets can bankrupt unlucky gamblers who choose to use the martingale, causing a catastrophic loss. Despite the fact that the gambler usually wins a small net reward, thus appearing to have a sound strategy, the gambler's expected value remains zero because the small probability that the gambler will suffer a catastrophic loss exactly balances with the expected gain. In a casino, the expected value is negative, due to the house's edge. Additionally, as the likelihood of a string of consecutive losses is higher than common intuition suggests, martingale strategies can bankrupt a gambler quickly.
The martingale strategy has also been applied to roulette, as the probability of hitting either red or black is close to 50%.
