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Qu'est-ce (qui) est twin-lens reflex camera - définition
 TLR camera.jpg?width=200)
.jpg?width=200 "Instantflex TL70")
![Zeiss Ikon VEB Contax S]], manufactured in [[Dresden]], one of the two original [[pentaprism]] SLRs for eye-level viewing that went into production in 1949. The Italian [[Rectaflex]] offered its first production SLR, the series 1000, the same year.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Contax-s.jpg?width=200 "Zeiss Ikon VEB Contax S]], manufactured in [[Dresden]], one of the two original [[pentaprism]] SLRs for eye-level viewing that went into production in 1949. The Italian [[Rectaflex]] offered its first production SLR, the series 1000, the same year.")
![Cut-away of a [[Minolta XE]] film-based SLR](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cut-away Minotla SLR IMG 0378.jpg?width=200 "Cut-away of a [[Minolta XE]] film-based SLR")
.svg?width=200 "Parts")
![Cross-section view of SLR system:
1: Front-mount lens (four-element Tessar design)
2: Reflex mirror at 45-degree angle
3: Focal plane shutter
4: Film or sensor
5: [[Focusing screen]]
6: Condenser lens
7: Optical glass pentaprism (or pentamirror)
8: Eyepiece (can have diopter correction ability)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SLR cross section.svg?width=200 "Cross-section view of SLR system:
1: Front-mount lens (four-element Tessar design)
2: Reflex mirror at 45-degree angle
3: Focal plane shutter
4: Film or sensor
5: [[Focusing screen]]
6: Condenser lens
7: Optical glass pentaprism (or pentamirror)
8: Eyepiece (can have diopter correction ability)")
![[[Medium format]] SLR by [[Hasselblad]] (Model 1600F), Sweden](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hasselblad 1600F.jpg?width=200 "[[Medium format]] SLR by [[Hasselblad]] (Model 1600F), Sweden")
![Medium format SLR by [[Bronica]] (Model S2), Japan. Bronica's later model—the Bronica EC—was the first medium format SLR camera to use an electrically operated [[focal-plane shutter]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zenza BRONICA S2 with ZENZANON 100mm F2.8.JPG?width=200 "Medium format SLR by [[Bronica]] (Model S2), Japan. Bronica's later model—the Bronica EC—was the first medium format SLR camera to use an electrically operated [[focal-plane shutter]]")
![The 1952 ([[Pentax]]) [[Asahiflex]], Japan's first single-lens reflex camera.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Asahiflex600.jpg?width=200 "The 1952 ([[Pentax]]) [[Asahiflex]], Japan's first single-lens reflex camera.")
![The [[Contaflex]] III a single-lens reflex camera from West Germany from 1957, with additional 115 mm lens](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Contaflex BW 2.JPG?width=200 "The [[Contaflex]] III a single-lens reflex camera from West Germany from 1957, with additional 115 mm lens")
![Kamera-Werke's]] Praktina.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nikonf.jpg?width=200 "Kamera-Werke's]] Praktina.")
![[[Canon Pellix]], 1965, the first camera to incorporate a stationary pellicle mirror.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Canon pellix.jpg?width=200 "[[Canon Pellix]], 1965, the first camera to incorporate a stationary pellicle mirror.")
![The [[Pentax]] Spotmatic IIa, 1971](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Honeywell-Pentax-Spotmatic.jpg?width=200 "The [[Pentax]] Spotmatic IIa, 1971")
![Olympus]] The 35 mm film-based [[Olympus OM-2]] (1975), which was the first SLR to measure light for electronic flash off the film plane.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/OM-2-2.jpg?width=200 "Olympus]] The 35 mm film-based [[Olympus OM-2]] (1975), which was the first SLR to measure light for electronic flash off the film plane.")
![[[Casio]] RF2 35 mm film SLR](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Casio RF2.JPG?width=200 "[[Casio]] RF2 35 mm film SLR")
![[[Nikon F5]] professional SLR, 1996](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/16-04-09 Nikon F5 RalfR WAT 6948.jpg?width=200 "[[Nikon F5]] professional SLR, 1996")
![Digital SLR]] Nikon D200 and a Nikon [[film scanner]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Coolscan-V.jpg?width=200 "Digital SLR]] Nikon D200 and a Nikon [[film scanner]]")
Wikipédia
 TLR camera.jpg?width=120)
A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens" (the lens that takes the picture), while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.
In addition to the objective, the viewfinder consists of a 45-degree mirror (the reason for the word reflex in the name), a matte focusing screen at the top of the camera, and a pop-up hood surrounding it. The two objectives are connected, so that the focus shown on the focusing screen will be exactly the same as on the film. However, many inexpensive 'pseudo' TLRs are fixed-focus models. Most TLRs use leaf shutters with shutter speeds up to 1/500 of a second with a bulb setting.
For practical purposes, all TLRs are film cameras, most often using 120 film, although there are many examples which used 620 film, 127 film, and 35 mm film. Few general-purpose digital TLR cameras exist, since the heyday of TLR cameras ended long before the era of digital cameras. In 2015, MiNT Camera released Instantflex TL70, a twin-lens reflex camera that uses Fuji instax mini film.
