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CMOS$94487$ - traduzione in Inglese
![drain and source]] respectively.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CMOS Inverter.svg?width=200 "drain and source]] respectively.")
![[[NAND gate]] in CMOS logic](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CMOS NAND.svg?width=200 "[[NAND gate]] in CMOS logic")
![The [[physical layout]] of a NAND circuit. The larger regions of N-type diffusion and P-type diffusion are part of the transistors. The two smaller regions on the left are taps to prevent [[latchup]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CMOS NAND Layout.svg?width=200 "The [[physical layout]] of a NAND circuit. The larger regions of N-type diffusion and P-type diffusion are part of the transistors. The two smaller regions on the left are taps to prevent [[latchup]].")
![Simplified process of fabrication of a CMOS inverter on p-type substrate in semiconductor microfabrication. In step 1, [[silicon dioxide]] layers are formed initially through [[thermal oxidation]] Note: Gate, source and drain contacts are not normally in the same plane in real devices, and the diagram is not to scale.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CMOS fabrication process.svg?width=200 "Simplified process of fabrication of a CMOS inverter on p-type substrate in semiconductor microfabrication. In step 1, [[silicon dioxide]] layers are formed initially through [[thermal oxidation]] Note: Gate, source and drain contacts are not normally in the same plane in real devices, and the diagram is not to scale.")
Definizione
Wikipedia
Nonvolatile BIOS memory refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings. It is traditionally called CMOS RAM because it uses a volatile, low-power complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) SRAM (such as the Motorola MC146818 or similar) powered by a small "CMOS" battery when system and standby power is off. It is referred to as non-volatile memory or NVRAM because, after the system loses power, it does retain state by virtue of the CMOS battery. The typical NVRAM capacity is 256 bytes.
The CMOS RAM and the real-time clock have been integrated as a part of the southbridge chipset and it may not be a standalone chip on modern motherboards. In turn, the southbridge have been integrated into a single Platform Controller Hub.
Today's UEFI motherboards use NVRAM to store configuration data (NVRAM is a part of the UEFI flash ROM), but by many OEMs' design, the UEFI settings are still lost if the CMOS battery fails.
