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nuclear potential - vertaling naar arabisch

FORCE BETWEEN NUCLEONS
Internucleon potential; Inter-nucleon potential; Internucleon force; Inter-nucleon force; Residual strong interaction; Internucleon interaction; Nucleon-nucleon interaction; Nuclear interaction; Nucleon-nucleon potential; Nuclear potential; Optical model; Residual strong force; Optical Model; Strong nuclear interaction; Nuclear forces; Residual strong nuclear force; Nuclear Force; Nucleon–nucleon interaction
  • Comparison between the Nuclear Force and the Coulomb Force.
'''a''' - residual strong force (nuclear force), rapidly decreases to insignificance at distances beyond about 2.5 fm,
'''b''' - at distances less than ~ 0.7 fm between nucleons centers the nuclear force becomes repulsive,
'''c''' - coulomb repulsion force between two protons (over 3 fm force becomes the main),
'''d''' - equilibrium position for proton - proton, 
'''r''' - radius of a nucleon (a cloud composed of three quarks).
Note: 1 fm = 1E-15 m.
  • larger version]]).
  • The same diagram as that above with the individual [[quark]] constituents shown, to illustrate how the ''fundamental'' [[strong interaction]] gives rise to the '''nuclear force'''. Straight lines are quarks, while multi-colored loops are [[gluon]]s (the carriers of the fundamental force). Other gluons, which bind together the proton, neutron, and pion "in flight", are not shown.
  • S]] angular momentum state. The attractive (negative) force has a maximum at a distance of about 1 fm with a force of about 25,000 N. Particles much closer than a distance of 0.8 fm experience a large repulsive (positive) force. Particles separated by a distance greater than 1 fm are still attracted (Yukawa potential), but the force falls as an exponential function of distance.
  • Corresponding potential energy (in units of MeV) of two nucleons as a function of distance as computed from the Reid potential. The potential well has a minimum at a distance of about 0.8 fm. With this potential nucleons can become bound with a negative "binding energy".

nuclear potential         
جهد نووى
electric potential         
  • The electric potential created by a charge, ''Q'', is ''V''&nbsp;=&thinsp;''Q''/(4πε<sub>0</sub>''r''). Different values of ''Q'' yield different values of electric potential, ''V'', (shown in the image).
LINE INTEGRAL OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD
Electrical potential; Electrostatic potential; Electric scalar potential; Electrical scalar potential; Electrical potential difference; Electric Scalar Potential; Coulomb potential; Coulomb Potential; Electric Potential; Electrical Potential; Potential electric; Scalar potential difference; Vector potential difference; Electric field potential
جهد كهربى
electrical potential         
  • The electric potential created by a charge, ''Q'', is ''V''&nbsp;=&thinsp;''Q''/(4πε<sub>0</sub>''r''). Different values of ''Q'' yield different values of electric potential, ''V'', (shown in the image).
LINE INTEGRAL OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD
Electrical potential; Electrostatic potential; Electric scalar potential; Electrical scalar potential; Electrical potential difference; Electric Scalar Potential; Coulomb potential; Coulomb Potential; Electric Potential; Electrical Potential; Potential electric; Scalar potential difference; Vector potential difference; Electric field potential
‎ الجهْدُ الكَهْرَبِيّ‎

Definitie

nuclear force
¦ noun Physics the strong attractive force that holds nucleons together in the atomic nucleus.

Wikipedia

Nuclear force

The nuclear force (or nucleon–nucleon interaction, residual strong force, or, historically, strong nuclear force) is a force that acts between the protons and neutrons of atoms. Neutrons and protons, both nucleons, are affected by the nuclear force almost identically. Since protons have charge +1 e, they experience an electric force that tends to push them apart, but at short range the attractive nuclear force is strong enough to overcome the electromagnetic force. The nuclear force binds nucleons into atomic nuclei.

The nuclear force is powerfully attractive between nucleons at distances of about 0.8 femtometre (fm, or 0.8×10−15 metre), but it rapidly decreases to insignificance at distances beyond about 2.5 fm. At distances less than 0.7 fm, the nuclear force becomes repulsive. This repulsion is responsible for the size of nuclei, since nucleons can come no closer than the force allows. (The size of an atom, measured in angstroms (Å, or 10−10 m), is five orders of magnitude larger). The nuclear force is not simple, though, as it depends on the nucleon spins, has a tensor component, and may depend on the relative momentum of the nucleons.

The nuclear force has an essential role in storing energy that is used in nuclear power and nuclear weapons. Work (energy) is required to bring charged protons together against their electric repulsion. This energy is stored when the protons and neutrons are bound together by the nuclear force to form a nucleus. The mass of a nucleus is less than the sum total of the individual masses of the protons and neutrons. The difference in masses is known as the mass defect, which can be expressed as an energy equivalent. Energy is released when a heavy nucleus breaks apart into two or more lighter nuclei. This energy is the electromagnetic potential energy that is released when the nuclear force no longer holds the charged nuclear fragments together.

A quantitative description of the nuclear force relies on equations that are partly empirical. These equations model the internucleon potential energies, or potentials. (Generally, forces within a system of particles can be more simply modeled by describing the system's potential energy; the negative gradient of a potential is equal to the vector force.) The constants for the equations are phenomenological, that is, determined by fitting the equations to experimental data. The internucleon potentials attempt to describe the properties of nucleon–nucleon interaction. Once determined, any given potential can be used in, e.g., the Schrödinger equation to determine the quantum mechanical properties of the nucleon system.

The discovery of the neutron in 1932 revealed that atomic nuclei were made of protons and neutrons, held together by an attractive force. By 1935 the nuclear force was conceived to be transmitted by particles called mesons. This theoretical development included a description of the Yukawa potential, an early example of a nuclear potential. Pions, fulfilling the prediction, were discovered experimentally in 1947. By the 1970s, the quark model had been developed, by which the mesons and nucleons were viewed as composed of quarks and gluons. By this new model, the nuclear force, resulting from the exchange of mesons between neighboring nucleons, is a residual effect of the strong force.

Voorbeelden uit tekstcorpus voor nuclear potential
1. "Spreading democracy, eradicating terrorism, ending Iran‘s nuclear potential.
2. He also wrote "Keeping Iran‘s nuclear potential latent", Harvard International Review.
3. Ignoring Wilson‘s report, Cheney talked on TV about Iraq‘s nuclear potential.
4. "If the American nuclear potential grows in European territory, we have to give ourselves new targets in Europe.
5. The leadership is just certain that a nuclear potential comparable to the United States‘ will secure the country its proper place in the international arena.