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общая лексика
Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
универсальный асинхронный приёмопередатчик, УАПП
микросхема типа Intel 8251, 8250 или 16450, 16550A, преобразующая данные, поступающие по параллельным линиям, в данные, передаваемые последовательно, и наоборот. Так как работа передатчика и приёмника не синхронизируется, поток данных должен содержать сигналы о начале и конце байта данных - стартовый и стоповый биты
Смотрите также
A universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART ) is a computer hardware device for asynchronous serial communication in which the data format and transmission speeds are configurable. It sends data bits one by one, from the least significant to the most significant, framed by start and stop bits so that precise timing is handled by the communication channel. The electric signaling levels are handled by a driver circuit external to the UART. Two common signal levels are RS-232, and RS-485. Early teletypewriters used current loops.
It was one of the earliest computer communication devices, used to attach teletypewriters for an operator console. It was also an early hardware system for the Internet.
A UART is usually an individual (or part of an) integrated circuit (IC) used for serial communications over a computer or peripheral device serial port. One or more UART peripherals are commonly integrated in microcontroller chips. Specialised UARTs are used for automobiles, smart cards and SIMs.
A related device, the universal synchronous and asynchronous receiver-transmitter (USART) also supports synchronous operation.