Direct Memory Access - definição. O que é Direct Memory Access. Significado, conceito
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O que (quem) é Direct Memory Access - definição

FEATURE OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Direct Memory Access; DMA controller; DMA engine; DMA channel; Intel Data Direct I/O; Intel DDIO; Data Direct I/O; DDIO; DMA transfer; Third-party DMA; Linked Direct Memory Access; Linked direct memory access; Linked DMA; Programmable DMA controller; Multiplexed DMA; Multiplexed direct memory access; DMA request; DRQ (DMA); DRQ (direct memory access); Burst mode DMA; Burst mode direct memory access; DMA burst; Direct memory access burst; Cycle steal DMA; Cycle steal direct memory access; Cycle stealing DMA; Cycle stealing direct memory access; Interleaved DMA; Interleaved direct memory access
  • Cache incoherence due to DMA
  • integrated circuits]] below the middle of the image are the DMA controller (l.) and - unusual - an extra dedicated DMA controller (r.) for the [[magneto-optical disc]] used instead of a [[hard disk drive]] in the first series of this computer model.

Direct Memory Access         
<architecture> (DMA) A facility of some architectures which allows a peripheral to read and write memory without intervention by the CPU. DMA is a limited form of {bus master}ing. (1996-08-23)
Direct memory access         
Direct memory access (DMA) is a feature of computer systems and allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU).
Random access         
ABILITY TO ACCESS AN ARBITRARY ELEMENT OF A SEQUENCE IN EQUAL TIME
Random-access storage; Random access file; Random-access; Random I/O; Random read; Random write; Direct access (computing)
Random access (more precisely and more generally called direct access) is the ability to access an arbitrary element of a sequence in equal time or any datum from a population of addressable elements roughly as easily and efficiently as any other, no matter how many elements may be in the set. In computer science it is typically contrasted to sequential access which requires data to be retrieved in the order it was stored.

Wikipédia

Direct memory access

Direct memory access (DMA) is a feature of computer systems that allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU).

Without DMA, when the CPU is using programmed input/output, it is typically fully occupied for the entire duration of the read or write operation, and is thus unavailable to perform other work. With DMA, the CPU first initiates the transfer, then it does other operations while the transfer is in progress, and it finally receives an interrupt from the DMA controller (DMAC) when the operation is done. This feature is useful at any time that the CPU cannot keep up with the rate of data transfer, or when the CPU needs to perform work while waiting for a relatively slow I/O data transfer. Many hardware systems use DMA, including disk drive controllers, graphics cards, network cards and sound cards. DMA is also used for intra-chip data transfer in multi-core processors. Computers that have DMA channels can transfer data to and from devices with much less CPU overhead than computers without DMA channels. Similarly, a processing circuitry inside a multi-core processor can transfer data to and from its local memory without occupying its processor time, allowing computation and data transfer to proceed in parallel.

DMA can also be used for "memory to memory" copying or moving of data within memory. DMA can offload expensive memory operations, such as large copies or scatter-gather operations, from the CPU to a dedicated DMA engine. An implementation example is the I/O Acceleration Technology. DMA is of interest in network-on-chip and in-memory computing architectures.