Faraday - определение. Что такое Faraday
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Что (кто) такое Faraday - определение

ENGLISH SCIENTIST (1791-1867)
M. Faraday; Faraday death; Michael farraday; Michael Farraday; Micheal Faraday; Michael Farady; Faradayan; Faraday; Faraday, Michael; Michael faraday; Michal Faraday; Michael Faraday death; Death of Michael Faraday; Sarah Barnard
  • Punch]]'' (21 July 1855)
  • Christmas Lecture]] at the [[Royal Institution]] in 1856
  • Faraday's grave at [[Highgate Cemetery]], London
  • John Daniell]] (left), founders of electrochemistry
  • ideomotor effect]] on table-turning
  • Built in 1831, the [[Faraday disc]] was the first [[electric generator]]. The horseshoe-shaped magnet ''(A)'' created a magnetic field through the disc ''(D)''. When the disc was turned, this induced an electric current radially outward from the centre toward the rim.  The current flowed out through the sliding spring contact ''m'', through the external circuit, and back into the centre of the disc through the axle.
  • A diagram of Faraday's iron ring-coil apparatus
  •  isbn = 978-0-486-43505-3 }} See plate 4.</ref>
  • location=National Portrait Gallery, UK}}</ref>
  • One of Faraday's 1831 experiments demonstrating induction. The liquid battery ''(right)'' sends an electric current through the small coil ''(A)''.  When it is moved in or out of the large coil ''(B)'', its magnetic field induces a momentary voltage in the coil, which is detected by the galvanometer ''(G)''.
  • Lighthouse lantern room from mid-1800s
  • Plaque erected in 1876 by the [[Royal Society of Arts]] in Marylebone, London
  • Portrait of Faraday in 1842 by [[Thomas Phillips]]
  • ''Chemische Manipulation'', 1828
  • Equipment used by Faraday to make glass on display at the [[Royal Institution]] in London
  • Statue of Faraday in [[Savoy Place]], London. Sculptor [[John Henry Foley]].
  • Three Fellows of the [[Royal Society]] offering the presidency to Faraday, 1857

faraday         
ENGLISH SCIENTIST
M. Faraday; Faraday death; Michael farraday; Michael Farraday; Micheal Faraday; Michael Farady; Faradayan; Faraday; Faraday, Michael; Michael faraday; Michal Faraday; Michael Faraday death; Death of Michael Faraday; Sarah Barnard
['far?de?]
(abbrev.: F)
¦ noun Chemistry a unit of electric charge equal to Faraday's constant.
Origin
early 20th cent.: from the name of the 19th-cent. English physicist Michael Faraday.
Faraday effect         
  • Polarization rotation due to the Faraday effect
  • GaAs-Faraday rotation spectrum
  • left
PHYSICAL LAW
Faraday Effect; Faraday rotation; Rotation measure; Faraday Rotation; Faraday rotation measure; Farday effect
The Faraday effect or Faraday rotation, sometimes referred to as the magneto-optic Faraday effect (MOFE), is a physical magneto-optical phenomenon. The Faraday effect causes a polarization rotation which is proportional to the projection of the magnetic field along the direction of the light propagation.
Faraday effect         
  • Polarization rotation due to the Faraday effect
  • GaAs-Faraday rotation spectrum
  • left
PHYSICAL LAW
Faraday Effect; Faraday rotation; Rotation measure; Faraday Rotation; Faraday rotation measure; Farday effect
¦ noun Physics the rotation of the plane of polarization of electromagnetic waves in certain substances in a magnetic field.

Википедия

Michael Faraday

Michael Faraday ( FARR-ə-day, -⁠dee; 22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English natural philosopher who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis. Although Faraday received little formal education, he was one of the most influential scientists in history. It was by his research on the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a direct current that Faraday established the concept of the electromagnetic field in physics. Faraday also established that magnetism could affect rays of light and that there was an underlying relationship between the two phenomena. He similarly discovered the principles of electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and the laws of electrolysis. His inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity became practical for use in technology.

As a chemist, Faraday discovered benzene, investigated the clathrate hydrate of chlorine, invented an early form of the Bunsen burner and the system of oxidation numbers, and popularised terminology such as "anode", "cathode", "electrode" and "ion". Faraday ultimately became the first and foremost Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution, a lifetime position. Faraday was an excellent experimentalist who conveyed his ideas in clear and simple language; his mathematical abilities, however, did not extend as far as trigonometry and were limited to the simplest algebra. James Clerk Maxwell took the work of Faraday and others and summarized it in a set of equations which is accepted as the basis of all modern theories of electromagnetic phenomena. On Faraday's uses of lines of force, Maxwell wrote that they show Faraday "to have been in reality a mathematician of a very high order – one from whom the mathematicians of the future may derive valuable and fertile methods." The SI unit of capacitance is named in his honour: the farad.

Albert Einstein kept a picture of Faraday on his study wall, alongside pictures of Arthur Schopenhauer and James Clerk Maxwell. Physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, "When we consider the magnitude and extent of his discoveries and their influence on the progress of science and of industry, there is no honour too great to pay to the memory of Faraday, one of the greatest scientific discoverers of all time."

Примеры употребления для Faraday
1. "One of the things we did was to have a bake sale inside the embassy," Faraday said.
2. "We haven‘t passed in some of the documents yet," Faraday said, adding that the soldiers themselves raised all the money that they used to buy the toys.
3. One possible way to stop cheating via mobile phones would be to put a Faraday cage around exam halls to disrupt the connection, said Professor Underwood.
4. Named after physicist Michael Faraday, it works by diverting electricity evenly around the shield instead of allowing it to flow into the interior and enabling devices to work.
5. Emma Faraday ambushed the Prime Minister at a glittering reception at London‘s Natural History Museum, hosted by the disadvantaged children‘s charity Shine.