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Что (кто) такое Jewishness$41536$ - определение
![[[Bernard Lewis]] argues that the new antisemitism{{spaced ndash}}what he calls "ideological antisemitism"{{spaced ndash}}has mutated out of religious and racial antisemitism.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bernard Lewis in 2012 (1).JPG?width=200 "[[Bernard Lewis]] argues that the new antisemitism{{spaced ndash}}what he calls \"ideological antisemitism\"{{spaced ndash}}has mutated out of religious and racial antisemitism.")
![''Catalyst'']], March 17, 2006.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/BrianKlug.jpg?width=200 "''Catalyst'']], March 17, 2006.</ref>")
![Graffiti in [[Madrid]], 2003](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neoantisemismo.jpg?width=200 "Graffiti in [[Madrid]], 2003")
![Finkelstein, Norman]]. ''Beyond Chutzpah: On the Misuse of Anti-Semitism and the Abuse of History'', University of California Press, 2005, p. 81.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Norman finkelstein suffolk.jpg?width=200 "Finkelstein, Norman]]. ''Beyond Chutzpah: On the Misuse of Anti-Semitism and the Abuse of History'', University of California Press, 2005, p. 81.</ref>")
![A sign held at a protest in [[Edinburgh, Scotland]], on January 10, 2009](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Protests Edinburgh 10 1 2009 5.JPG?width=200 "A sign held at a protest in [[Edinburgh, Scotland]], on January 10, 2009")
![[[Yehuda Bauer]] argues that "new" antisemitism is not actually new.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yehuda Bauer 1.jpg?width=200 "[[Yehuda Bauer]] argues that \"new\" antisemitism is not actually new.")
![Alexandr Ivanov]], 1824](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alexandr Ivanov 015.jpg?width=200 "Alexandr Ivanov]], 1824")
![400–410 AD}} during the [[Western Roman Empire]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Apsis mosaic, Santa Pudenziana, Rome W3.JPG?width=200 "400–410 AD}} during the [[Western Roman Empire]]")
![The representation of the race of Jesus has been influenced by cultural settings.<ref name=LHoulden63 >''Jesus: the complete guide'' by Leslie Houlden 2006 082648011X pages 63–100</ref><ref name=Erricker44 /> A Chinese illustration, [[Beijing]], 1879](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ChineseJesus.jpg?width=200 "The representation of the race of Jesus has been influenced by cultural settings.<ref name=LHoulden63 >''Jesus: the complete guide'' by Leslie Houlden 2006 082648011X pages 63–100</ref><ref name=Erricker44 /> A Chinese illustration, [[Beijing]], 1879")
![Tanner]], 1899](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henry Ossawa Tanner - Jesus and nicodemus.jpg?width=200 "Tanner]], 1899")
Википедия
Jewish identity is the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as a Jew and as relating to being Jewish. Under a broader definition, Jewish identity does not depend on whether a person is regarded as a Jew by others, or by an external set of religious, or legal, or sociological norms. Jewish identity does not need to imply religious orthodoxy. Accordingly, Jewish identity can be cultural in nature. Jewish identity can involve ties to the Jewish community. Orthodox Judaism bases Jewishness on matrilineal descent. According to Jewish law (halacha), all those born of a Jewish mother are considered Jewish, regardless of personal beliefs or level of observance of Jewish law. Progressive Judaism and Haymanot Judaism in general base Jewishness on having at least one Jewish parent, while Karaite Judaism bases Jewishness only on paternal lineage. These differences between the major Jewish movements are the source of the disagreement and debate about Who is a Jew?.
Jews who are atheists or Jews who follow other religions (Christianity etc) may have a Jewish identity. While the absolute majority of people with this identity are of Jewish ethnicity, people of a mixed Jewish and non-Jewish background or gentiles of Jewish ancestry may still have a sense of Jewish self-identity.
