Tausend und eine Nacht (Thousand and One Nights), Op. 346, is a waltz composed by Johann Strauss II in 1871. The waltz's melodies were drawn from his first operetta, Indigo und die vierzig Räuber (Indigo and the Forty Thieves). It was his first attempt at ensuring that the more memorable melodies from the stage works would survive obscurity by finding new life as a new orchestral work, a practice which he would retain in future stage works. Such a move would also benefit sheet music publishers who can sell the piano editions of the new works to the public who can readily identify individual music pieces.

The waltz incorporated the more popular numbers from the operetta, with the melody "Ja, so singt man" comprising the entire first waltz section. The second section was contributed from the act 2 bacchanal "Lasst frei nun erschallen das Lied aus der Brust".