<storage, architecture> (RAID. Originally "Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks") A project at the computer science department of the University of California at Berkeley, under the direction of Professor Katz, in conjunction with Professor John Ousterhout and Professor David Patterson. The project is reaching its culmination with the implementation of a prototype disk array file server with a capacity of 40 GBytes and a sustained bandwidth of 80 MBytes/second. The server is being interfaced to a 1 Gb/s local area network. A new initiative, which is part of the Sequoia 2000 Project, seeks to construct a geographically distributed storage system spanning disk arrays and automated libraries of optical disks and tapes. The project will extend the interleaved storage techniques so successfully applied to disks to tertiary storage devices. A key element of the research will be to develop techniques for managing latency in the I/O and network paths. The original ("..Inexpensive..") term referred to the 3.5 and 5.25 inch disks used for the first RAID system but no longer applies. The following standard RAID specifications exist: RAID 0 Non-redundant striped array RAID 1 Mirrored arrays RAID 2 Parallel array with ECC RAID 3 Parallel array with parity RAID 4 Striped array with parity RAID 5 Striped array with rotating parity ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/doc/techreports/berkeley.edu/raid/raidPapers. http://HTTP.CS.Berkeley.EDU/projects/parallel/research_summaries/14-Computer-Architecture/. ["A Case for Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID)", "D. A. Patterson and G. Gibson and R. H. Katz", Proc ACM SIGMOD Conf, Chicago, IL, Jun 1988]. ["Introduction to Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID)", "D. A. Patterson and P. Chen and G. Gibson and R. H. Katz", IEEE COMPCON 89, San Francisco, Feb-Mar 1989]. (1995-07-20)

Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks

<hardware, storage> A variation on disk mirroring where, as well as redundant disk drives, a second disk controller or host adapter is also present. (1996-02-22)

Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks

A redundant array of independent memory (RAIM) is a design feature found in certain computers' main random access memory. RAIM utilizes additional memory modules and striping algorithms to protect against the failure of any particular module and keep the memory system operating continuously.

Independent Group of Benalmádena (in Spanish: Grupo Independiente de Benalmádena) is a political party in the municipality of Benalmádena, Spain. GIB is led by the mayor of the municipality, Enrique Bolín.

An independent bookstore is a retail bookstore which is independently owned. Usually, independent stores consist of only a single actual store (although there are some multi-store independents).

Independent Catholicism is an independent sacramental movement of clergy and laity who self-identify as Catholic (most often as Old Catholic or as Independent Catholic) and form "micro-churches claiming apostolic succession and valid sacraments", in spite of not being affiliated to the historic Catholic churches such as the Roman Catholic and Utrechter Old Catholic churches. The term "Independent Catholic" derives from the fact that "these denominations affirm both their belonging to the Catholic tradition as well as their independence from Rome.

Independence is a fundamental notion in probability theory, as in statistics and the theory of stochastic processes. Two events are independent, statistically independent, or stochastically independent if, informally speaking, the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of occurrence of the other or, equivalently, does not affect the odds.