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Что (кто) такое kilogram$42401$ - определение
![The [[International Prototype of the Kilogram]], whose mass was defined to be one kilogram from 1889 to 2019.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/International prototype of the kilogram aka Le Grand K.jpg?width=200 "The [[International Prototype of the Kilogram]], whose mass was defined to be one kilogram from 1889 to 2019.")
![SI system]] after the 2019 redefinition: the kilogram is now fixed in terms of the [[second]], the [[speed of light]] and the [[Planck constant]]; furthermore the [[ampere]] no longer depends on the kilogram](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Unit relations in the new SI.svg?width=200 "SI system]] after the 2019 redefinition: the kilogram is now fixed in terms of the [[second]], the [[speed of light]] and the [[Planck constant]]; furthermore the [[ampere]] no longer depends on the kilogram")
![A [[Kibble balance]], which was originally used to measure the [[Planck constant]] in terms of the IPK, can now be used to calibrate secondary standard weights for practical use.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Watt balance, large view.jpg?width=200 "A [[Kibble balance]], which was originally used to measure the [[Planck constant]] in terms of the IPK, can now be used to calibrate secondary standard weights for practical use.")
Википедия
A Kibble balance is an electromechanical measuring instrument that measures the weight of a test object very precisely by the electric current and voltage needed to produce a compensating force. It is a metrological instrument that can realize the definition of the kilogram unit of mass based on fundamental constants.
It was originally called the watt balance because the weight of the test mass is proportional to the product of current and voltage, which is measured in watts. In June 2016, two months after the death of its inventor, Bryan Kibble, metrologists of the Consultative Committee for Units of the International Committee for Weights and Measures agreed to rename the device in his honor.
Prior to 2019, the definition of the kilogram was based on a physical object known as the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK). After considering alternatives, in 2013 the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) agreed on accuracy criteria for replacing this definition with one based on the use of a Kibble balance. After these criteria had been achieved, the CGPM voted unanimously on November 16, 2018 to change the definition of the kilogram and several other units, effective May 20, 2019, to coincide with World Metrology Day.
