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Что (кто) такое réception en plein air - определение
![Australian impressionist]] [[Arthur Streeton]] painting ''en plein air'', c. 1892](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arthur Streeton Curlew Camp.jpg?width=200 "Australian impressionist]] [[Arthur Streeton]] painting ''en plein air'', c. 1892")
![[[Robert Antoine Pinchon]], 1898, painting ''Le chemin'', oil on canvas, 22 × 32 cm](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert Antoine Pinchon, 1898, painting Le chemin, oil on canvas, 22 x 32 cm.jpg?width=200 "[[Robert Antoine Pinchon]], 1898, painting ''Le chemin'', oil on canvas, 22 × 32 cm")
![''[[Claude Monet]] Painting by the Edge of a Wood'' (1885) by [[John Singer Sargent]]. Oil on canvas. 54.0 × 64.8 cm. [[Tate Gallery]], London.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sargent MonetPainting.jpg?width=200 "''[[Claude Monet]] Painting by the Edge of a Wood'' (1885) by [[John Singer Sargent]]. Oil on canvas. 54.0 × 64.8 cm. [[Tate Gallery]], London.")
![''En plein air'' painters painting in [[Ringwood, New Jersey]]. Artists are using a French easel on the left of picture, and a Pochade box on the right.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Plein Air Painters at Long Pond, Ringwood, NJ.JPG?width=200 "''En plein air'' painters painting in [[Ringwood, New Jersey]]. Artists are using a French easel on the left of picture, and a Pochade box on the right.")
![[[Winslow Homer]], ''Artists Sketching in the White Mountains'', 1868, oil on panel, 24.1 × 40.3 cm, [[Portland Museum of Art]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Winslow Homer - Artists Sketching in the White Mountains.jpg?width=200 "[[Winslow Homer]], ''Artists Sketching in the White Mountains'', 1868, oil on panel, 24.1 × 40.3 cm, [[Portland Museum of Art]]")
![[[Camille Pissarro]], 1872, ''Hameau aux environs de Pontoise'', oil on canvas, 54 × 74 cm, private collection](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Camille Pissarro - Hameau aux environs de Pontoise (1872).jpg?width=200 "[[Camille Pissarro]], 1872, ''Hameau aux environs de Pontoise'', oil on canvas, 54 × 74 cm, private collection")
![Matin à Villeneuve (From Waters Edge)]]'', oil on canvas, 151.1 × 125.1 cm](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henri BIVA, ca 1905-06, Matin à Villeneuve, Salon 1906 postcard - original painting, oil on canvas, 151.1 x 125.1 cm, private collection.jpeg?width=200 "Matin à Villeneuve (From Waters Edge)]]'', oil on canvas, 151.1 × 125.1 cm")
![[[Claude Monet]], 1887, ''In the Woods at Giverny, [[Blanche Hoschedé Monet]] at Her Easel with [[Suzanne Hoschedé]] Reading'', oil on canvas, 91.4 x 97.7 cm, [[Los Angeles County Museum of Art]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Claude Monet - In the Woods at Giverny- Blanche Hoschedé at Her Easel with Suzanne Hoschedé Reading - Google Art Project.jpg?width=200 "[[Claude Monet]], 1887, ''In the Woods at Giverny, [[Blanche Hoschedé Monet]] at Her Easel with [[Suzanne Hoschedé]] Reading'', oil on canvas, 91.4 x 97.7 cm, [[Los Angeles County Museum of Art]]")
![[[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]], c.1888-89 ''Mount of Sainte-Victoire'', oil on canvas, 53 x 64.1 cm, [[Yale University Art Gallery]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Mount of Sainte-Victoire - 1980.12.14 - Yale University Art Gallery.jpg?width=200 "[[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]], c.1888-89 ''Mount of Sainte-Victoire'', oil on canvas, 53 x 64.1 cm, [[Yale University Art Gallery]]")
![[[Paul Cézanne]], c.1897, ''La Montagne Sainte-Victoire vue de la carrière Bibémus'', oil on canvas, 65.1 × 81.3 cm, [[Baltimore Museum of Art]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/La Montagne Sainte-Victoire vue de la carrière Bibémus, par Paul Cézanne.jpg?width=200 "[[Paul Cézanne]], c.1897, ''La Montagne Sainte-Victoire vue de la carrière Bibémus'', oil on canvas, 65.1 × 81.3 cm, [[Baltimore Museum of Art]]")
Википедия
En plein air (pronounced [ɑ̃ plɛ.n‿ɛʁ]; French for 'outdoors'), or plein-air painting, is the act of painting outdoors.
This method contrasts with studio painting or academic rules that might create a predetermined look. The theory of 'En plein air' painting is credited to Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes (1750–1819), first expounded in a treatise entitled Reflections and Advice to a Student on Painting, Particularly on Landscape (1800), where he developed the concept of landscape portraiture by which the artist paints directly onto canvas in situ within the landscape.
It enabled the artist to better capture the changing details of weather and light. The invention of portable canvases and easels allowed the practice to develop, particularly in France, and in the early 1830s the Barbizon school of painting in natural light was highly influential.
Amongst the most prominent features of this school were its tonal qualities, colour, loose brushwork, and softness of form. These were variants that were particularly relevant to the mid 19th-century Hudson River School and to Impressionism.
