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- этимология
isocyclic compound - перевод на арабский
![house centipede]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/House centipede, face, beltsville 2014-04-21-18.44.09 ZS PMax (14053176887).jpg?width=200 "house centipede]]")
![Head of a [[mantisfly]] showing a compound eye](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mantis Fly - Genus Plega.jpg?width=200 "Head of a [[mantisfly]] showing a compound eye")
![DOTA]] macrocycle.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Macrocycles 2revEnglUse.jpg?width=200 "DOTA]] macrocycle.")
![terpenoid]] [[natural product]], related to but simpler than the [[paclitaxel]] that follows, which displays a complex ring structure including 3-, 5-, and 7-membered non-aromatic, carbocyclic rings.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ Ingenol.svg?width=200 "terpenoid]] [[natural product]], related to but simpler than the [[paclitaxel]] that follows, which displays a complex ring structure including 3-, 5-, and 7-membered non-aromatic, carbocyclic rings.")
![[[Cycloalkane]]s, the simplest carbocycles, including [[cyclopropane]], [[cyclobutane]], [[cyclopentane]], and [[cyclohexane]]. Note, elsewhere an [[organic chemistry]] shorthand is used where hydrogen atoms are inferred as present to fill the carbon's valence of 4 (rather than their being shown explicitly).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/First four cycloalkanes - en.svg ?width=200 "[[Cycloalkane]]s, the simplest carbocycles, including [[cyclopropane]], [[cyclobutane]], [[cyclopentane]], and [[cyclohexane]]. Note, elsewhere an [[organic chemistry]] shorthand is used where hydrogen atoms are inferred as present to fill the carbon's valence of 4 (rather than their being shown explicitly).")
![aromatic]] and non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Taxol.svg ?width=200 "aromatic]] and non-aromatic).")
![methylene]] hydrogens shown (non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cycloheptane.png ?width=200 "methylene]] hydrogens shown (non-aromatic).")
![[[Benzene]], a 6-membered carbocyclic compound. [[methine]] hydrogens shown, and 6 electrons shown as [[delocalized]] through drawing of circle (aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benzene-6H-delocalized.svg ?width=200 "[[Benzene]], a 6-membered carbocyclic compound. [[methine]] hydrogens shown, and 6 electrons shown as [[delocalized]] through drawing of circle (aromatic).")
![''Cyclo''-[[octasulfur]], an 8-membered inorganic cyclic compound (non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cyclooctasulfur_structural_formula_3D.svg ?width=200 "''Cyclo''-[[octasulfur]], an 8-membered inorganic cyclic compound (non-aromatic).")
![[[Pentazole]], a 5-membered inorganic cyclic compound (aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pentazole.svg ?width=200 "[[Pentazole]], a 5-membered inorganic cyclic compound (aromatic).")
![methylene]] hydrogen atoms implied, not shown (non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Azetidine structure.svg?width=200 "methylene]] hydrogen atoms implied, not shown (non-aromatic).")
![[[Pyridine]], a 6 membered heterocyclic compound, [[methine]] hydrogen atoms implied, not shown, and [[delocalized]] π-electrons shown as discrete bonds (aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pyridine.svg?width=200 "[[Pyridine]], a 6 membered heterocyclic compound, [[methine]] hydrogen atoms implied, not shown, and [[delocalized]] π-electrons shown as discrete bonds (aromatic).")
![[[Naphthalene]], technically a polycyclic, more specifically a bicyclic compound, with circles showing [[delocalization]] of π-electrons (aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Naphtalene topo.svg ?width=200 "[[Naphthalene]], technically a polycyclic, more specifically a bicyclic compound, with circles showing [[delocalization]] of π-electrons (aromatic).")
![stereochemistries]] possible for "fusing" the two rings together, and how this impacts the shapes available to this bicyclic compound (non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cis-trans isomerism of decahydronaphthalene.svg ?width=200 "stereochemistries]] possible for \"fusing\" the two rings together, and how this impacts the shapes available to this bicyclic compound (non-aromatic).")
![[[Longifolene]], a [[terpene]] [[natural product]], and an example of a tricyclic molecule (non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Longifolene plus acsv.svg?width=200 "[[Longifolene]], a [[terpene]] [[natural product]], and an example of a tricyclic molecule (non-aromatic).")
![[[Paclitaxel]], a polycyclic [[natural product]] with a tricyclic core: with a heterocyclic, 4-membered D ring, fused to further 6- and 8-membered carbocyclic (A/C and B) rings (non-aromatic), and with three further pendant [[phenyl]]-rings on its "tail", and attached to C-2 (abbrev. Ph, C6H5; aromatics).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/TaxolNumberingScheme.svg ?width=200 "[[Paclitaxel]], a polycyclic [[natural product]] with a tricyclic core: with a heterocyclic, 4-membered D ring, fused to further 6- and 8-membered carbocyclic (A/C and B) rings (non-aromatic), and with three further pendant [[phenyl]]-rings on its \"tail\", and attached to C-2 (abbrev. Ph, C6H5; aromatics).")
![[[Cholesterol]], another terpene natural product, in particular, a [[steroid]], a class of tetracyclic molecules (non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cholesterol.svg?width=200 "[[Cholesterol]], another terpene natural product, in particular, a [[steroid]], a class of tetracyclic molecules (non-aromatic).")
![Benzo[a]pyrene]], a pentacyclic compound both natural and man-made, and [[delocalized]] π-electrons shown as discrete bonds (aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benzo-a-pyrene.svg?width=200 "Benzo[a]pyrene]], a pentacyclic compound both natural and man-made, and [[delocalized]] π-electrons shown as discrete bonds (aromatic).")
![[[Pagodane]], a complex, highly symmetric, man-made polycyclic compound (non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pagodane.svg?width=200 "[[Pagodane]], a complex, highly symmetric, man-made polycyclic compound (non-aromatic).")
![heterocyclic]], and a toxic component associated with the organisms responsible for [[red tide]]s. The R group at right refers to one of several possible four-carbon side chains (see main [[Brevetoxin]] article; non-aromatic).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brevetoxin A.svg?width=200 "heterocyclic]], and a toxic component associated with the organisms responsible for [[red tide]]s. The R group at right refers to one of several possible four-carbon side chains (see main [[Brevetoxin]] article; non-aromatic).")
Определение
Википедия
In modern archery, a compound bow is a bow that uses a levering system, usually of cables and pulleys, to bend the limbs.
In general, compound bows are widely used in target practice and hunting.
The pulley/cam system grants the user a mechanical advantage, and so the limbs of a compound bow are much stiffer than those of a recurve bow or longbow. This rigidity makes the compound bow more energy-efficient than other bows, as less energy is dissipated in limb movement. The higher-rigidity, higher-technology construction also improves accuracy by reducing the bow's sensitivity to changes in temperature and humidity.
The pulley/cam system also confers a benefit called "let-off." As the string is drawn back, the cams rotate. The cams are eccentric rather than round, and so their effective radius changes as they rotate. Each of a compound bow's two cams features two tracks: an inner track which connects to the opposite limb or opposite cam through cables, and an outer track through which the bowstring runs. As the bow is drawn, the ratio of bowstring pay-out and cable take-up relative to limb-weight and leverage of the cams changes. By manipulation of the shapes of these cam tracks, different draw-stroke profiles can be created. A compound bow can be soft-drawing with a slow build-up to peak weight and a gradual let-off with a long "valley" at the end. It can also be hard-drawing with a very fast build-up to peak draw-weight, a long plateau where weight is maintained, and a quick let-off with a short valley. The let-off itself is the result of the cam profiles having passed center and approaching a condition very similar to a cam-lock. In some compound bows, if the draw-stops or draw-length modules are removed, they will self-lock at full draw and require professional equipment to unlock safely. Many compound bows offer 70–85% let off once they are pulled to full draw. This allows the shooter to relax and concentrate on the intended target at which they are shooting.
The compound bow was first developed in 1966 by Holless Wilbur Allen in North Kansas City, Missouri, and a US patent was granted in 1969. The compound bow has become increasingly popular. In the United States, the compound is the dominant form of bow.
In literature of the early 20th century, before the invention of compound bows, composite bows were described as "compound". This usage is now outdated.
